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HALLISSON VINÍCIUS DE OLIVEIRA RUFINO
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CHARACTERIZATION OF PHYSICAL PREPARATION IN BRAZILIAN JIU-JITSU: A STUDY WITH BRAZILIAN COACHES
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Fecha: 21-dic-2021
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Hora: 09:00
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ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The characterization of physical preparation in Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ), considering the description of forms of training, aspects related to the training routine and the possible impact of this training on the most requested physical capacities in the modality may help to understand the factors that lead to good performance. OBJECTIVE: To dentify the profile of physical preparation and load monitoring applied by coaches in BJJ athletes. METHODS: 38 coaches (age: 36.3 ± 6.2 years; experience: 9.1 ± 5.0 years) took part in the study, of which 57.9% trained athletes who competed in international level and 55.3% have already reached podium also at the international level. The instrument used was a questionnaire (Google forms), previously submitted to proper content validation (content validity coefficient - CVCt 0,95; CI 95%=0,92-0,95). RESULTS: most of the participants use the athletes' characteristics (n=29, 76.3%), prior knowledge and experience (n=24, 63.2%) to choose the exercises of the training program. In relation to load organization, block periodization was the most mentioned (n=18, 47.4%), however, 21.1% (n=8) uses only their own experience as a trainer. In order to transfer the adaptations from physical preparation to combat, 81.6% (n=31) of the coaches use technical/tactical analysis and 60.5% (n=23) use time/movement analysis to plan their training program. Explosive strength (n=16, 42.1%), strength endurance (n=14, 36.8%) and anaerobic capacity (n=14, 36.8%) were identified as essential capacities to the modality. Traditional training with machines and free weights and plyometrics are the most used types of training to develop strength and power, interval training with specific movement, to develop aerobic and anaerobic capacities, dynamic stretching for flexibility, unilateral exercises for proprioception and BJJ specific movements for speed. Load monitoring strategies are used by 78.9% (n=30) of the participants to make adjustments to the prescription, with variations in the frequency of adjustments. The main monitoring strategy used by the coaches is the use of rating of perceived exertion - RPE scales - RPE (n=24, 63.2%). CONCLUSION: The coaches who took part in this study rely primarily on the athletes' own characteristics to structure the prescription, using their prior knowledge and experience as a coach. Target competitions are used as a basis for planning, however, due to the complex competition calendar of the modality, a specific periodization model that is used by the absolute majority of coaches was not observed. Although time/movement analyzes provide as relevant information as technical-tactical analyses, they are less used as a source of information and are unknown by a portion of the participants. This may impact the prescription, specifically because effort/pause and high/low ratios observed in the fights are important to prescription. The RPE was the most cited monitoring tool by the coaches, however, new studies investigating the use of this variable as a monitoring tool are needed due to the observation of divergent results in the modality.
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EDER JACKSON BEZERRA DE ALMEIDA FILHO
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ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PHASE ANGLE AND MUSCLE DAMAGE INDUCED BY PHYSICAL EXERCISE IN FOOTBALL ATHLETES
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Fecha: 14-dic-2021
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Hora: 15:00
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ABSTRACT
Introduction: Monitoring exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) is necessary to
help control the athlete's training loads. However, the main tools that assess EIMD
are invasive, expensive or subjective. Meanwhile, in the literature, a biophysical
marker derived from bioimpedance, the phase angle (PhA), has been used to verify
the integrity of the cell membrane, which is associated with the prognosis of patients
with cancer, muscle injuries and improved physical performance. As the phase angle
is capable of diagnosing the state of the cell membrane and athletes present
compromised cell membrane integrity due to EIMD, it is plausible that PhA is capable
of detecting EIMD. Objective: To verify whether the phase angle is capable of
detecting muscle damage induced by a physical exercise session in soccer athletes.
Methods: Participated in the study, nine under 20 male soccer athletes who
underwent a resistance training session. Before, immediately and 24h after the
training session, they performed bioimpedance analysis, blood collection (for creatine
kinase analysis (CK)) and performance test (countermovement jump (CMJ)), in
addition to a pain scale before and 24h after the training session. As statistical
treatment, ANOVA tests for repeated measures and Pearson correlation were
performed. Results: Creatine kinase (CK) increased 24h after the training session
(349.67±162.91; 841.67±481.81, p<0.010), the height of the CMJ immediately
decreased (37.64±4, 18; 33.84±3.74; p<0.001) and 24h after training (34.98±3.93;
p<0.010) and pain increased 24h after the training session (3.79±2.81; 5.32±2.78;
p<0.050). The PhA did not show significant changes in any of the moments.
However, the percentage variation of PA showed a positive correlation with the loss
of performance in the CMJ test 24h after the training session (r=0.805). Conclusion:
PhA is capable of detecting EIMD in soccer athletes.
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EDSON MENESES DA SILVA FILHO
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Effects of Insular Cortex Neuromodulation on Cardiovascular Function in Hypertensive Patients Undergoing Aerobic Exercise: a randomized controlled clinical trial.
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Fecha: 14-dic-2021
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Hora: 09:00
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Introduction: Several non-pharmacological strategies have been used to manage blood
pressure (BP) in hypertensive individuals. Physical exercise is a therapy that decreases BP by
reducing sympathetic hyperactivity and vascular dysfunction. Transcranial direct current
stimulation (TDCS) is a non-invasive and safe technique that has been used to treat several
clinical conditions, however, its effects to potentiate the effects of physical exercise on
hypertensive people have not yet been tested. Objective: To assess whether tDCS can enhance
the effects of physical exercise on BP and heart rate variability in hypertensive individuals.
Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial that included individuals with arterial
hypertension (systolic blood pressure >120 <180 mmHg and/or diastolic >80 <120 mmHg),
who were randomized to the active tDCS + aerobic exercise group or tDCS sham + aerobic
exercise group. tDCS was applied through the direct current with an intensity of 2mA for 20
minutes. Then, aerobic training session was performed for 40 minutes. Prior to the experimental
protocol, hypertensive patients underwent biochemical tests, 24-hour BP monitoring,
ergometric test, heart rate variability, and anthropometric measurements. At the end of the first
and twelfth sessions, BP and heart rate variability were collected again. Results: Article 1: SBP
during sleep was statistically lower in the tDCS active group after the intervention (p = 0.03).
No statistical difference was found for DBP during sleep (p = 0.08). DBP 3 hours after the
intervention showed a significant decrease in the active tDCS group (MD: -7.19; p = 0.01).
Furthermore, in the intragroup analysis, there was a decrease in SBP 3 hours after the
intervention, only for the active tDCS group (p = 0.04). There was no significant reduction in
BP during wakefulness and 24 hours in the active tDCS group. No difference between groups
was detected in heart rate variability. Article 2: tDCS was not able to potentiate the effects of
physical exercise on systolic and diastolic BP and heart rate variability after 12 sessions.
Conclusion: The tDCS potentiated the effects of physical exercise acutely on sleep and in the
first 3 hours after the session, however after 12 sessions no difference was detected between
groups.
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ARTHUR OLIVEIRA BARBOSA
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Periods of the day exposed to doses of moderate to vigorous physical activity and lipid profile indicators in adolescents: a longitudinal study
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Fecha: 09-dic-2021
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Hora: 09:00
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Author: Arthur Oliveira Barbosa
Advisor: José Cazuza de Farias Júnior
ABSTRACT
The association of physical activity (PA) practiced in real-life conditions with lipid profile
indicators in adolescents is null or inconsistent. These results may be due to the emphasis on
analyzing the total volume of physical activity of moderate to vigorous intensity (MVPA),
disregarding the different ways that adolescents can be exposed to the practice during the day.
Thus, the objectives of this study were: a) to systematically review the literature regarding the
association between indicators of physical activity and lipid profile in adolescents, and b) to
analyze the association between the number of periods of the day exposed to different doses of
AFMV and lipid profile indicators in adolescents. For the first objective, systematic searches
were carried out in the following databases: Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, SciELO and
LILACS, in English, Spanish and Portuguese, from January 2008 to May 2021. In the second,
it was performed an original study with longitudinal observational design, with four years of
follow-up and three data collection points, conducted with adolescents from public schools in
the city of João Pessoa, Paraíba (10 to 13 years, mean 11.6 ± 0.7, 53.5% were female, in 2014).
Time in AFMV and sedentary behavior (CS) was measured by GT3X+ accelerometers
(ActiGraph). The operationalization of the periods of exposure to AFMV doses was defined as
follows: determination of the average daily time of AFMV for each period of the day morning
(06:00 to 11:59), afternoon (12:00 to 17:59) and night (6:00 pm to 11:59 pm); categorization
of the meantime of MVPA in each period of the day in practice (Yes = 1) or not practiced (No
= 0) doses of ≥5, ≥10 or ≥15 minutes; and summation of doses and recategorization in exposed
to 0, 1 or ≥2 periods of the day at doses of ≥5, ≥10 or ≥15 minutes AFMV. The lipid profile
indicators were: total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoproteins (HDL-c)
and low-density lipoproteins (LDL-c), non-HDL-c, CT/HDL and TG/ HDL. The Generalized
Estimating Equations model was used to analyze the association between the number of periods
of the day exposed to different doses of MVPA and lipid profile indicators in adolescents,
adjusted for sex, age, economic class, skin color, hours of sleep, saturated fat and fiber intake,
body mass index, time in CS and baseline values of the lipid profile indicator analyzed. The
systematic review results included 79 studies, 45.6% classified as having moderate
methodological quality, and 87.3% were cross-sectional. There was an inverse association
between the number of steps and CT; positive of leisure-time PA and meeting the
recommendations for PA with HDL-c in cross-sectional studies. In the longitudinals, there is a
positive association between the time of AFMV and HDL-c. In the original study, there is an
inverse association between greater quantity of periods of the day exposed to ≥5-minute doses
of AFMV and TC, non-HDL-c and TG/HDL-c and with ≥10 and ≥15-minute doses to all
indicators lipid profile, except for HDL-c. Concluded that more active adolescents tend to have
better lipid profile values and that this benefit extends to those who practice MVPA, even if it
is from short-duration doses.
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JOÃO PAULO SILVA PINTO
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The effectiveness of muscle strengthening of the hip abductors and lateral rotators in sedentary individuals with patellofemoral pain syndrome: A Systematic Review
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Fecha: 27-oct-2021
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Hora: 16:00
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Objective: The aim of the present study was to review and systematize studies
on the effectiveness of muscle strengthening protocols (FTM) of the abductors
(ABDT) and lateral rotators (RL) of the hip associated with the FTM of the knee
muscles, in relation to the FTM protocols of the knee and hip muscles in
isolation, in sedentary obligatory with (PFPS). Method: The following databases
were searched: Pubmed; Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials;
Sciverse Scopus and Physiotherapy Evidence Databases (PEDro), in addition
to the manual search obtained through the bibliographic references of other
studies, using the following keywords: [(patellofemoral pain syndrome OR
patellofemoral pain OR patellofemoral pain syndrome OR anterior knee OR
anterior knee pain syndromes OR patellofemoral pain) AND (resistance training
OR strength training OR muscle strengthening OR muscle strengthening OR
strengthening OR) AND (randomized clinical trials OR clinical trials OR
randomized controlled clinical trials OR controlled clinical trials)].Two
researchers, independently and blindly, selected the studies based on the
inclusion and exclusion criteria and how disagreements between them were
resolved by a third party evaluated. The electronic and manual search selected:
499 published articles. Study quality and reporting quality were obtained using a
study quality assessment and exercise reporting tool (TESTEX), and after
screening, only 10 studies were selected. The inter-rater agreement was
performed, for each point on the TESTEX scale (15 in total), choosing, using
the Kappa coefficient (K), proposed by Cohen, based on the following formula:
K = (PO - PC) / (1 - PC), where PO is the number of agreements observed and
PC is the number of agreements expected, by chance. Data were propagated in
the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS - 23.0), after checking for
normality (Shapiro test Wilk), considering a significance level of P ≤ 0.05.
Results: After evaluating the methodological quality, Conbrach's Alpha was
performed to analyze the agreement between the evaluators' scores, thus
obtaining an ICC = 0.917 (P <0.001) for the quality of the study, an ICC = 0.804
(P < 0.012) for the study report and an ICC = 0.965 (P <0.001) in the total
score, showing, in all satisfaction domains, almost perfect agreement between
the 2 evaluated.Conclusion: This systematic review provided evidence that
most studies muscle strengthening of the hip abductors and lateral rotators was
more effective in decreasing pain and improving knee function when compared
to protocols that used only knee exercises, as well as sedentary ones with
PFPS. However, in relation to muscle strength (FM), only 4 separate studies
showed significant improvements, 1 of which was compared to a group without
intervention.
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WAGNER KAYSE ANDRADE SANTOS
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Characterization of strength training for recreational runners in all capitals of Northeast Brazil
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Fecha: 22-oct-2021
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Hora: 15:00
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ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Running has progressively increased its generation in the past few decades, including among recreational practitioners. Sport scientists point out that strength training (ST) is an effective strategy for reducing the incidence of reduction and improvement in performance parameters in medium and long distance runners. OBJECTIVE: To examine the presence of strength training in the practice of recreational runners, understanding its characteristics and runners' perceptions of its importance to performance METHODS: A sample of 801 recreational runners, male (n = 493) and female (n = 308 ), aged between 18 and 73 years (M = 39.05 ± 9.63); weight (74.53 ± 13.64 kg); height (170 ± 0.91 cm) BMI (M = 25.31 ± 3.67 kg / m2), residents of the 9 capitals of northeastern Brazil answered questions about their training habits, the means used of content effected. The statistical test used was the Chi-square of independence to verify associations between the categorical variables. Four distinct performance levels were determined using conditioning quartiles by sex, age and best time taken at the distances of 5km and 10km. RESULTS: In this study 78.0% (n = 625) perform some type of strength training, 49.4% (n = 310) perform between 3 and 4 strength training per week and the majority 62.8% (n = 394) includes strength training on alternate days to running training. A statistically significant difference was found only for the prevalence of male runners who include TF in their training routine (82.7% without 2nd quartile vs. 52.6% without 4th quartile). As for the importance attributed to the TF, the vast majority 537 (85%) of the runners consider strength training very important for performance improvement, however, without statistical significance (p = 0.072) when compared between genders. CONCLUSION: The results show that the vast majority of runners include some type of TF, the highest prevalence was observed among men, especially those with a higher level of performance, with emphasis on training using weight training. These results can be used by coaches to clarify the involvement of runners with different types of TF at different levels of performance.
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IALLY RAYSSA DIAS MOURA
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TYPES AND SOURCES OF SOCIAL SUPPORT AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PRACTICES IN ADOLESCENTS: A LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS
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Fecha: 15-oct-2021
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Hora: 09:00
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ABSTRACT
Types and sources of social support and adolescent physical activity practices: a longitudinal analysis
Author: Ially Rayssa Dias Moura
Advisor: Dr. José Cazuza de Farias Júnior
Social support (SS) for the practice of physical activity (PA) can be provided by different sources (father, mother and friends) and types of SS (emotional, instrumental and informational), and has been associated with higher levels of practice in teenagers. However, most of the studies are cross-sectional, considering the total SS score of the parents (SS father and mother grouped), and the total PA time, by domains or their combinations. In this perspective, the aim of this study was to longitudinally analyze the relationship of the types of SS provided by different sources with groups of PA practices in adolescents in João Pessoa, Paraíba. This is an observational study, using data from 330 adolescents from the LONCAAFS (Longitudinal Study on Sedentary Behavior, Physical Activity, Eating Habits and Adolescent Health), carried out from 2014 to 2017, in public schools. A questionnaire was applied through face-to-face interviews to measure sociodemographic variables (gender, age, mother's education, economic class, class shift, SS, PA) and height and body mass measurements were taken to determine the index of body mass. The SS (score) was measured by a scale with 5 items for each source of SS (father, mother and friends), grouping them into emotional support (ES - encourage, watch and comment) and instrumental (IS - practice together and transport /invite). PA scores (minutes/week) were created, grouping them into sports (SP), physical exercise (PE), recreational activities (RA) and active commuting (AC). The Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) analysis was used to associate the types of SS provided by different sources with the PA groups, and to test the interaction of sex and age with the types of SS, interaction terms were created. All analyzes were performed using the Stata 16.0 software and the significance level adopted was p ≤ 0.05. The ES and IS provided by the father and friends were positively and significantly associated with the practice of SP, PE and AR, and provided by the mother, to all practices. The IS had greater magnitude of association in all sources and practices of PA, except in the mother's support for AR. Adolescents who received IS from their father and friends had more influence, respectively, on the time of SP and AR practice, and when they received IS from the mother, the time of PE and AC practice. It is concluded that adolescents who receive higher levels of ES or IS from parents and friends contribute to an increase in PA practices, especially those performed in leisure time.
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ALCIDES PRAZERES FILHO
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PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND BLOOD PRESSURE PRACTICE IN ADOLESCENTS: A LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS
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Fecha: 30-sep-2021
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Hora: 09:00
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ABSTRACT
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND BLOOD PRESSURE PRACTICE IN ADOLESCENTS: A LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS
Author: Alcides Prazeres Filho
Advisor: José Cazuza de Farias Júnior
The relationship between the time of moderate to vigorous physical activity practice and blood pressure in adolescents remains inconclusive, especially when considering the form of accumulation of this time (total and bout times), the dose-response relationship and the possible role moderator of nutritional status, which is one of the main risk factors for high blood pressure. This study aimed to analyze the influence of total and bout times of moderate physical activity (MPA), vigorous (VPA) and moderate to vigorous (MVPA) and the performance of MVPA doses on the blood pressure of adolescents. A longitudinal observational study, which used data from 138 adolescents (53.6% female), aged 10 to 13 years in the base year, submitted to the use of an accelerometer in the four years of collection (2014 to 2017) of the LONCAAFS Study Longitudinal Study on Sedentary Behavior, Physical Activity, Diet and Adolescent Health. Were used an Actigraph to measured AFM, AFV and AFMV and bout times <5, <10, >5 and >10 minutes of each PA intensity (minutes/day). In addition, were created MVPA doses (>15 and >30 minutes/day) from the total times and in bouts, classifying the adolescents into two groups: those who met the MVPA dose (>15 or >30 minutes/day) in two or more years vs. those who did not attend or attend in less than two years. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure were measured by an automatic Omron HEM 7200 brand monitor. Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) analysis was used to associate PA practice indicators with SBP and DBP, considering the nutritional status as a moderator. The times total and in bouts of <5 and <10 minutes of AFM and bouts of <5 and <10 minutes of MVPA were associated with lower mean values of SBP and DBP in female adolescents. In overweight/obese adolescents, MPA, VPA and MVPA accumulated in bouts <5 and <10 minutes were inversely associated with SBP and DBP, and VPA time in bouts >5 minutes with DBP. Exposure to doses >15 minutes/day of MVPA over two or more years was associated with lower SBP and DBP values. No significant interactions (p>0.05) of MVPA doses with sex and nutritional status were observed. The findings of this study indicated that there is an inverse relationship between the practice of PA and BP in adolescents and that female adolescents and those with overweight/obesity accumulated the practice time, even in bouts of less than 10 minutes, and adolescents who remained active over the years in doses of at least 15 minutes per day of MVPA, tended to have lower mean BP values.
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DIEGO TRINDADE LOPES
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TRANS ATHLETES PARTICIPATION IN VOLLEYBALL: ANALYZING THE SPEECH OF COACHES AND ATHLETES
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Fecha: 30-sep-2021
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Hora: 09:00
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Abstract
Transsexual people presence in sports competitions is still strange and has been arousing the interest of different areas. Although much is said about the subject, there is still a significant lack of studies that can scientifically support these discourses. In an attempt to expand the discussion and the number of studies in the area, this study aims to understand the arguments used by technicians; cisgender and transsexual volleyball athletes to legitimize or delegitimize the participation of transsexual athletes in sports competitions of the modality. This research is qualitative, field and descriptive. Twelve people participated, 4 trans athletes; 5 cisgender athletes and 3 sports coaches, who were selected through the chain reference. In order to raise elements of analysis for the study, we used a semi-structured interview. The analysis was based on Foucault's discourse analysis in order to understand how power practices are linked to discourses in order to produce truth effects. The present investigation led to the construction of two original articles. The first aims to analyze the experience of trans athletes in sports competitions of the modality. The results revealed that there is inclusion and exclusion within the category according to the competition; similarly, there is a discrepancy in the way athletes were treated in competitions with cases of inclusion, transphobia and subjection; testosterone is used as a central argument to seek to justify the legitimation and delegitimation discourses. The second article aimed to understand the position of cisgender volleyball coaches and athletes regarding the participation of transsexual people in sports competitions. The results show that there is no consensus among the interviewed coaches and athletes on the topic addressed, with favorable positions supported by scientific studies and social aspects of sport, and opposite positions based on biological aspects.
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FABIO THIAGO MACIEL DA SILVA
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NEUROVASCULAR CONTROL AND CARDIAC AUTONOMIC MODULATION IN INSUFFICIENTLY ACTIVE ADOLESCENTS: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY
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Fecha: 20-sep-2021
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Hora: 13:00
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ABSTRACT
Endothelial and autonomic dysfunction has been observed in adolescents with insufficient levels of physical activity, therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate neurovascular control and cardiac autonomic modulation in insufficiently active adolescents. The research was quantitative, exploratory and correlational. The sample consisted of 26 adolescents (10 boys and 16 girls), with a mean age of 16.4 ± 0.2 years, eutrophic, healthy and classified as insufficiently active. Initially, the adolescents filled out an anamnesis form and the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Then, participants performed hemodynamic and anthropometric assessments, blood collections, electrocardiogram and venous occlusion plethysmography. For statistical analysis, a significance level of p<0.05 was considered. Regarding the results, it can be observed that the values of blood flow in the forearm (FSA) and vascular conductance (VC) at baseline were similar to the isometric handgrip exercise maneuver (p=0.145 and p=1,000, respectively), while the mean arterial pressure (MAP) showed significantly higher values during the handgrip (p<0.001). When comparing baseline with hyperemia, significantly lower FSA (p=0.038) and CV (p<0.001) values were observed. Significant inverse correlations were observed between age and VC during handgrip and in reactive hyperemia (p=0.010 and p=0.039, respectively). The results showed positive and significant correlations between the variables FSA (p=0.027), CV (p=0.011) in reactive hyperemia and VC during handgrip (p=0.023), with the number of days of moderate activities. Significant inverse correlations of FSA and VC during handgrip were demonstrated with total cholesterol (p=0.009 and p=0.050, respectively) and LDL-cholesterol with FSA (p=0.009) and with VC (p= 0.036) during the handgrip. Regarding autonomic modulation, values of 1.0 ± 0.0 were observed for the ratio between SDNN/RMSSD and 0.96 ± 0.1 for LF/HF. The results showed positive and significant correlations between the variables SDNN, RMSSD, NN50, pNN50 and the number of days of vigorous activity (p=0.048; p=0.042; p=0.027; p=0.026, respectively). There was a positive and significant correlation with HFms² (p=0.015), inverse with the normalized component LF (p=0.047) and LF/HF (p=0.047) with the number of days of vigorous activity. In the correlations with hemodynamic parameters, it was observed that the normalized component LF presented a significant correlation with SBP (p=0.041), DBP (p=0.006) and MAP (p=0.002). Regarding the normalized HF component, significant
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correlations were also observed, but in the opposite direction, between SBP (p=0.041), DBP (p=0.006) and MBP (p=0.002). Sympathovagal balance (LF/HF) was significantly correlated with MAP (p=0.005). In the comparisons of the HRV components, according to the categorized groups, there was a significant difference in the HF ms² component, in which group 1 had significantly lower values than groups 2 (p=0.015) and 3 (p=0.021 ). Therefore, it is suggested that insufficiently active adolescents have a compromised vasodilator response and an autonomic vagal predominance, and that higher levels of moderate and vigorous physical activity may contribute to better values of vascular function and autonomic modulation parameters.
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ANA DENISE DE SOUZA ANDRADE
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VALIDITY AND ACCURACY OF GENERALIZED EQUATIONS TO ESTIMATE THE LOAD OF A MAXIMUM REPEAT SQUAT WITH FREE WEIGHTS FOR MEN AND WOMEN
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Fecha: 10-ago-2021
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Hora: 09:00
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The study aimed to determine the accuracy of the generalized equations for estimating
the 1RM load in the free-weight squat for men and women. Twenty-one men (24.45 ±
4.35 years; 1.77 ± 0.07 meters; 80.26 ± 8.35 kg; practice time: 3.40 ± 3.10 years) and
21 women participated in the study (25.22 ± 3.06 years; 1.64 ± 0.05 meters; 64.27 ±
7.49 kg; time of practice: 3.49 ± 2.32 years). The study took place in 2 days, with an
interval of ~72h. The familiarization with the squat exercise with free weights occurred
on the 1st day and, on the second day, the incremental test in the proposed exercise
was performed. Mean propulsive velocity (MPV) was measured during the test. The
prediction of 1RM was performed using generalized equations: general (based on the
study sample) and proposed by Pareja-Blanco et al., based on MPV for ~50% and
~80% of 1RM. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The load-speed
relationship was tested using linear (L) and polynomial (P) regression. Differences
between sexes were assessed using the t-test and effect size and, to compare the real
1RM and the predicted values, repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc
were used. The level of agreement between the real and predicted 1RM was tested
using the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman diagram. Good fits
were identified in the load-velocity ratio for men (L: R² = 0.9628; EPE = 0.0553 m/s; P:
R² = 0.9630; EPE = 0.0553 m/s) and women (linear: R² = 0.9327; EPE = 0.0595 m/s;
R² = 0.9328; EPE = 0.0595 m/s). Men reported greater bar displacement speed at
relative loads ≤ 90% of 1RM compared to women (p = 0.005 0.03; TE = 0.67 1.07).
There was no significant difference between the real and predicted 1RM by general
equations (50% and 80%), regardless of the regression model used. However, a
significant difference (p < 0.001) was identified for the 1RM predicted by the ParejaBlanco equation. There was agreement and low bias (<5%) of prediction from the
general linear equations, using the MPV relative to ~80% of 1RM. The results indicate
that the load-velocity relationships in the present study are sex-dependent and can be
used to prescribe exercise intensity in free-weight squats.
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SAMARA QUEIROZ DO NASCIMENTO FLORÊNCIO
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TEACHING SETTINGS: WELL-BEING IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHING
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Fecha: 27-jul-2021
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Hora: 14:00
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In our research, it is recognized that the educational scenario is unfavorable to thework of the teacher and to the increase in the number of professionals in this area who become ill, which is why there is a need to expand discussions on teacher well-being. To address this issue, we start from the following question: What relationships can be established between the ways of practicing teaching and the experiences of well-being in educational settings? From this perspective, the objective of the research was to unveil the different configurations of the Physical Education teacher in the educational situation and his relationship with well-being. Therefore, we anchor our methodological look at existential phenomenology, and we evoke as research subjects three collaborating teachers of Physical Education who teach in Elementary SchoolII of the Municipal Education system in João Pessoa-PB and 355 studentsinserted in a classroom setting. To produce the data, we used the non-participant observation technique, in addition to an observation script, a field notebook, some image records (photographs and video footage of the classes), the autobiographical narrative, and open-ended questions. In the search for unveiling the atmosphere the teaching configuration in the movement situation we resorted to PC's scriptural Semiotics, in its analytical sphere. Our analysis indicated that an environment of well-being is built in the collective interaction of teachers and students, also through the knowledge covered, and the environment in which the process is experienced. We have shown that, although the teacher is not the only one responsible for promoting well-being, his corporeality, observed by the gestural, postural, and spatial statements, are significant influencers in the production and promotion of well-being zones. The zones of corporeality in which well-being was most produced were associated with states ofteacher configurations that were more encouraging, exquisite, communicative, dialogic in gestures, loving, playful, happy, caring, creative and pioneering, converging to a healthy teaching setting. The less involvement and modulations of teachers' well-being, the less interaction and well-being were perceived in students in the communicative zone, and the more involvement and affective teacher support in the corporeality zone, the more student participation and the more movement situations with settings ofwell-being.
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ROMULO LEAL ALMEIDA
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EVALUATION OF MYOCARDIAL DEFORMATION AT REST AND DURING EXERCISE IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS WITHOUT HYPERTROFIED LEFT VENTRICLE
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Fecha: 27-jul-2021
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Hora: 10:00
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ABSTRACT
Introduction: systemic arterial hypertension has a high prevalence and low
control rates, being responsible for functional and structural changes in several
organs, including the heart. Speckle tracking echocardiography allows the
analysis of the dynamics of ventricular contraction, enabling the early detection
of myocardial dysfunction.
Objectives: to evaluate the degree of myocardial deformation at rest and at
peak aerobic exercise in hypertensive patients without left ventricular
hypertrophy (LVH) and compare these parameters with healthy controls.
Methods: this is an observational cross-sectional study, carried out from
October 2020 to May 2021, in patients diagnosed with arterial hypertension,
with preserved ejection fraction, without LVH and of both genders (hypertensive
group). Healthy individuals (control group) with characteristics similar to
hypertensive individuals were included in the study. Volunteers underwent
myocardial deformity assessment by measuring global longitudinal strain (GLS),
at rest and at peak stress during a maximum effort test. Normality and
homoscedasticity were assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk and Levene tests,
respectively. Mann Whitney t or U tests, one-way ANOVA and Spearman's
correlation test were used and the accepted significance level was p < 0.05.
Cohen's d was used to assess the size of the effect reported on the variation in
myocardial strain between groups.
Results: twenty volunteers were evaluated, matched for sex, age, body mass
index and echocardiographic parameters. The hypertensive group had higher
SBP (137.3 ± 10.5 mmHg vs 122.3 ± 9.3 mmHg, p = 0.01) and MAP (104.0 ±
9.2 mmHg vs 94.1 ± 5, 4 mmHg, p = 0.03) compared to the control group. The
other characteristics and hemodynamic parameters at rest and at the exercise
test were similar between groups (p>0.05 for all comparisons). In the analysis of
the GLS, there were no significant differences in hypertensive individuals in
relation to the control, either in the baseline GLS (18.5 ± 1.9 vs 18.0 ± 1.6%,
respectively; p = 0.48) or during the Peak GLS (21.0 ± 1.4 vs 22.0 ± 2.8%,
respectively; p = 0.39). In the intragroup analysis between baseline vs peak
GLS, there is a statistical difference in the hypertensive group (18.5 ± 1.9 vs
21.0 ± 1.4%, p=0.003) and in the control group (18.0 ± 1.6 vs 22.0 ± 2.8%,
p=0.001).
Conclusion: hypertensive patients with controlled blood pressure, without
cardiac remodeling and preserved ejection fraction present similar GLS
compared to control volunteers. However, hypertensive individuals have lessclinical variation from left ventricular systolic contractility to physical stress.
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TAIS FEITOSA DA SILVA
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Relationships between physical activity, fundamental motor skills, physical fitness and body weight status in preschoolers.
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Fecha: 26-jul-2021
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Hora: 14:00
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Introduction: the practice of physical activity (PA) should be encouraged for
children from preschool age, however most children do not meet these
recommendations, which can cause damage to health. Theoretical models
hypothesize the relationship between PA and Fundamental Motor Skills (FMS),
with the participation of other intervening factors in this relationship, such as
physical fitness (PF) and body weight status. Objective: to investigate crosssectional associations and the causal relationship between PA and FMS,
considering PF and body weight status as possible intervening variables.
Methods: this thesis led to the production of a cross-sectional study (4.35±0.77
years) and an intervention study (4.19±0.94 years) with preschool-age children.
PA was measured using accelerometry. The FMS were evaluated from the Test
of Gross Motor Development 2nd edition (TGMD-2). PF was measured from the
Field-Based Physical Fitness Test Battery in Preschool Children (PREFIT
Battery) and the body weight status was represented by the Body Mass Index
(BMI) (body mass/height²). In the cross-sectional study, linear regression was
applied with analysis of moderation and mediation, respectively, considering a
significance level of <0.05. For the intervention study, data were analyzed from a
network analysis perspective. Results: the cross-sectional results indicated that
PA was negatively associated with FMS scores and this association was
moderated by PF, by decreasing the inversibility of the association between PA
and MQ (from β=-0.130, r²=0.232 to β=-0.099, r²=0.298), and increase the effect
size of the association (from f²=0.302 to f²=0.424). The same happened for the
mobility scores (from β=-0.069, r²=0.171, f²=0.206 to β=-0.047, r²=0.269,
f²=0.367) and object control (from β=-0.060, r²=0.202, f²=0.253 for β=-0.052,
r²=0.212, f²=0.269). The intervention data indicated that between the pre and post
moments, for the group variable, the expected influence increased (-0.762 vs.
1,084), while for the BMI it decreased (1,887 vs. 0.655). Moderate to Vigorous
Physical Activity (AFMV) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CF), respectively,
increased the strength of centrality within the network between the two moments
(0.215 to 0.500; and -1.233 to 0.630). Conclusion: in the preschoolers evaluated,
PF played a moderating role in the association between PA and FMS.
Additionally, an intervention program was able to change the network of
associations between PA, FMS, PF and BMI, with improvements in CF,
maintenance of FMS levels and a reduction in the influence of BMI on the
emerging pattern of children in the intervention group in relation to the control
group.
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CLEENE TAVARES DE SOUZA
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PARENTS' PERCEPTION ABOUT THE ENVIRONMENT AND TIME IN OUTDOOR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY OF LOW-INCOME PRESCHOOLS
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Fecha: 16-jul-2021
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Hora: 16:00
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Introducion: Outdoor physical activities (OPA) contribute to children's development. However, it is assumed that in preschool children, parents' perception of the environment may be related to the shorter or longer time spent in these activities. Objective: to analyze the association between parents' perception of the environment and OPA outside school in low-income preschoolers, considering possible sociodemographic correlates. Methods: 129 preschoolers aged 3 to 5 years (4.4 years ± 0.7 years, 50% boys) participated in the study. The parents' perception of the environment and the children´s time in OPA were evaluated through a questionnaire, applied in a face-to-face interview with the parents. Socio-demographic data such as gender, age, mother's education, family income and presence of siblings were informed by parents during the interview. To analyze the associations between parents' perception of the environment and OPA, logistic regression was used, considering a significance level of 95% for OPA as outcome during the week and at the weekend. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS; version 21.0). Results: A total of 76.9% of the preschoolers had < 2 hours/day in OPA during the week. At the weekend, 65.9% reached > 2 hours in OPA. Parents' perception of no traffic safety (OR: 0.39; p: 0.03) showed higher chances for a shorter children´s time in OPA during the week, and at the weekend (OR: 0.46; p:0.04). Moreover, parents perception of the lack of places to walk (OR: 0.33; p: 0.02) and night safety (OR: 0.36; p: 0.04) is associated to a more likely to achieve less time in OPA during the week. After adjustments for sociodemographic confounders, the perception of no traffic safety (OR: 0.26; p: 0.01) and of places to walk in OPA during the week. After adjustments for sociodemographic confounders, the perception of no traffic safety (OR: 0.26; p: 0.01) and places to walk (OR: 0.15; p: 0.01) were predictors of the shortest time in OPA of preschoolers during the week. Conclusion: Parents' perception of lack of traffic safety and places to walk were associated with less time in OPA in low-income preschoolers, especially during the week days.
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JOSE DAMIAO RODRIGUES
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ActingofthePhysical Education Professional and Self-care in Primary Health Care: processes and constructions.
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Fecha: 21-jun-2021
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Hora: 09:00
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ABSTRACTResearch shows that the Physical Education Professional(PEP)andother health professionals, act with a methodological predominance of the prescriptive biomedical model. We consider that this model is insufficient to meet the socio-cultural demands that involve the health of the subjects intothis context. We conjecture the need to move forward overcoming the challenges of PEPin the context of primary health care(PHC), especially intheselfcare and taking care of others. We aim to analyze the perception of PEPworking in PHCregarding the care of themselves and others in the processes and constructions of this field of action. The studyconsists of a research with a qualitative approach.In the first stage, 14 PEPworking in the Expanded Center Health Family and Primary Care (ECHF-PC)in the city of João Pessoa were interviewed. Asecondinterview wasconductedduring the COVID-19 pandemic. At that time,9 professionals were interviewedabouttheir performance during this period. For data collection, a semi-structured interview script was used. The research was developed considering the following steps: diagnosis, planning and data collection. For data analysis, content analysis according to Bardin was used. Ethical precepts were strictly respected. The results indicate knowledge of the PEPregarding the current guidelines and ordinances of the Ministry of Health, however their greatest difficulty is managing the basic family health unit concurrently with itsactivitycore,because it makes self-care difficult; the care is broad and complex; they now haw to take care themselves; there is a need to take care of yourself in order to take care of others; the PEPmaintain a good bond with users; they dont performmatrix supportor popular health educationand they havelittle knowledge aboutthe subject with a still confused understanding.We concluded that despite the difficulties faced by PEP, such as inadequate formation, lack of among others, they demonstrated skills to work in the ECHF-PCfrom the experience acquired.From the point of view of dialectics, our initial thesis is confronted with the reality found, as the findings show us as an antithesis, that the PEPdont perceive themselves prepared to work in ECHF-PC, however, our synthesis produced is that, although PEPwere not well prepared academically to work in the health field, from their lived experiences, they acquired knowledge with praxis, but still insufficient to promote comprehensive self-care, which involves the full comprehension of the subject. Even if they had competencies, skills and attitudes, today, they would be plastered by the political system, which prevent them from acting in accordance with the guidelines of PHC. In the health field, self-care stands out and is something much broader and more complex than clinical practice, needing, in the core of Physical Education, to transcend the biological aspects of exercise,evaluation and prescription, as it must be performed holistically and seen with the look that takes into account the human being, his subjectivity, his self-governance and his role in the construction of his history, which still seems quite rare.
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MARLON MADEIRO BRASILIANO
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CHRONIC EFFECT OF STRENGTH TRAINING WITH BLOOD FLOW CONSTRUCTION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF WOMEN'S COGNITIVE FUNCTION AND MENTAL HEALTH: A RANDOMIZED AND CONTROLLED CLINICAL STUDY
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Fecha: 31-may-2021
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Hora: 14:00
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Human aging is a natural process accompanied by several morphological, functional, and cognitive changes. The advancing age causes a consequent increase in the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases, anxiety, and depression, contributing to a decline in cognitive performance. Prevention strategies through physical exercise, especially strength training, are indicated toimprove aspects of cognitive function and mental health. The aim of the study was to analyze the chronic effect of strength training with blood flow restriction(BFR) on cognitive function performance and mental health in women. To this end, 30 cognitivelyhealthy women (65±3 years old) participated in a randomized controlled clinical trial with sixteen weeks of intervention on non-consecutive days. Participants were randomized, according to age and muscle strength levels, into three groups: 1) strength training with restricted blood flow (STBFR: n = 10); 2) strength training with low load (STLL: n = 10); and 3) strength training with moderate load (STML: n = 10). The exercises (biceps curl, straight supine, squat, and leg press 45) were performed 3x per week at different intensities (15RM and 30RM), and equal volume (3x10 repetitions). Before and after the experiments neuropsychological evaluation tests were performed: stroop test, semantic and phonological verbal fluency test, A and B trails test, digit test; and mental health tests: Beck depression inventory and trait-state anxiety inventory. The results show that in the mixed model analysis significant effects were observed over time on the variables of cognitive function (STLL: digit span = 95% CI: 0.22; 4.18; STML: phonological verbal fluency test = 95% CI: -7.58; -0.28), and on depression (STBFR: depression = 95% CI: 0.11; 4.68) intragroups, but in the between-groups analysis no effect was significant, which shows no difference between the interventions.Thus, performing strength trainingfor 16 weeks promotes improvements in cognitive performance and decreases depression levels in healthy elderly women.
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KALINNE FERNANDES SILVA
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MONITORING THE INTERNAL LOAD OF BEACH VOLLEYBALL ATHLETES BEFORE, DURING AND AFTER A STAGE OF THE NATIONAL CIRCUIT
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Fecha: 26-abr-2021
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Hora: 09:00
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The monitoring of the internal load of training has been widely used in sports, in order to
accurately quantify the application of training loads imposed by the coaching staff.
However, few studies have investigated the monitoring of the internal load before
competition (AC), during competition (CE) and after competition (PC) in beach
volleyball. Therefore, the objective of this study was to monitor the internal load before
competition, in competition, and post competition of beach volleyball athletes
considering the player's position. Eight high performance beach volleyball athletes
competing in national and world championships (23.1 ± 4.0 years old; 85.4 ± 11.1 kg;
190.3 ± 9.3 cm; 69.3 ± 9.5 kg of lean body mass; 11.8 ± 2.8 kg of fat mass; and 13.8 ±
3.0 %G), voluntarily participated in the study. During the four weeks of this study the
monitoring of heart rate variability (HRV), vertical jump, training momentum (TRIMP)
and subjective perception of effort (PSE) was performed. It was verified in the HRV that
there was significant interaction in group x time (p<0.05) and in time (p< 0.05). However,
in the comparative analysis of TRIMP, total accumulated load, weekly daily average and
Strain there was no significant interaction in group x time (p> 0.05), however there was
significant interaction in time (p< 0.05). Furthermore, it was observed that in the
comparative analysis of monotony and vertical jump, there was no significant interaction
in group x time (p> 0.05) and time (p> 0.05).
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JOAMIRA PEREIRA DE ARAÚJO
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ADAPTATIONS OF COGNITIVE AND NEUROMUSCULAR FUNCTION INDUCED BY RESISTANCE TRAINING WITH BLOOD FLOW RESTRICTION IN 16 WEEKS: A PRACTICAL AND MECHANICIST APPROACH FOR ELDERLY
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Fecha: 26-feb-2021
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Hora: 14:00
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No aging process decreases cognitive and neuromuscular aspects, however, Low Intensity ResistanceTraining associated with Blood Flow Restriction (LIRT+ BFR), can maintain or improve neuromuscular aspects, however, its effects on cognitive function of the elderly. The aim of the present study was to analyze the adaptations of cognitive and neuromuscular function induced by LIRT+ BFR, in elderly women, under a practical and mechanistic approach. To investigate the effect of ResistanceTraining (RT) of different intensities, 40 elderly women (65 + 3 years), cognitively healthy, participated in a clinical study, randomized and controlled, with sixteen weeks of intervention on non-consecutive days. As participants, they were randomized into four groups: 1) Moderate Intensity ResistanceTraining (MIRT); 2) Low Intensity resistancetraining with blood flow restriction (LIRT+ BFR); 3) Low Intensity ResistanceTraining (LIRT) and; 4) Control (CON). The evaluations at the beginning and after 16 weeks were performed considering the variables: cognitive function ([global -Mini Mental State Examination(MMSE), executive function -Digit Span Fowardand Bacward, Stroop test, Trial Making Test AB(TMT), phonological and semantic verbal fluency]; trophic factor-BDNF); functional performance (muscle strength, Dual Cognitive Motor Task Performance (DTMC), Motor-Motor (DTMM), Dual Motor-Cognitive (DTDMC), General Static Balance (GSB), Anteroposterior (SBAP), Middle-Lateral (SBML) , risk of falls, Sit and Stand test (SST), Timed Up and Go test (TUG), Usual Walking Time (UWT) and Maximum (MWT), while the CON group does not participate in physical exercise programs. The exercises (biceps curl, bench press, squat and leg press 45º) were performed, using the same absolute volume (3x10 repetitions) and different intensities (15RM and 30RM) with a weekly frequency of 3 times, rest interval between sets of 60 seconds and 120-second exercises with 50% RFS pressure applied to LIRT+ BFR. The results demonstrate that, in the analysis of mixed models, significant effects were observed in the primary outcomes -cognitive function; and secondary -functional capacity, dual task performance, muscle strength and static balance between the experimental and CON groups (P <0.05), however no significant effect was found between the experimental groups in both primary and secondary outcomes, which shows there is no difference between the 3 types of intervention. However, major effects over time were observed in the following variables: MMSE (P = 0.04), semantic verbal fluency (P <0.001), phonological (P = 0.003), composite of executive function performance (P = 0.003), SST(P <0.001), TUG (P = 0.008), UWT(P <0.001), MWT(P = 0.003), DTMC(P = 0.002), DTMM(P = 0.001), DTDMC(P = 0.041), strength muscle (P = 0.001), GSB(P = 0.028), SBAP(P = 0.020), SBML(P = 0.038). Thus, it was demonstrated that LIRT+ BFRdoes not differ from MIRTand LIRTregarding changes provided to the elderly, but the three groups are superior to the control group.
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MATEUS DUARTE RIBEIRO
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EFFECT OF A RACE PROGRAM AT THE LEVEL OF SPORTS TRAINING UNDER BODY COMPOSITION OF ADULTS WITH OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY
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Fecha: 25-feb-2021
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Hora: 09:00
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Building training protocols for effective weight loss is still a challenge. Current data indicate that the weight loss process is multifactorial, in which at least caloric balance (nutritional intake and expenditure on physical activities / exercises) participate, motivational factors (engagement with the program), physiological and genetic factors, in the case of physical training, even the nature of the training load is a determining factor. Thus, the objective of this study will be to evaluate the potential of a running training program based on the sports training methodology, on adherence to the program and its outcomes in body composition, considering nutritional factors (food consumption), physiological factors (systemic inflammation and oxidative stress), and behavioral (sedentary behavior) in people with obesity and / or overweight. For this, 100 volunteers will be evaluated regarding nutritional habits (food recall), aerobic capacity and anaerobic threshold (ergospirometry), body composition (anthropometry and bioimpedance), biochemical profile (blood collection) and behavioral aspects (questionnaire). Then, the experimental group will start a training program with a sports approach for 24 weeks, meanwhile, a control group will perform stretching and relaxation sessions. In the middle (12 weeks), as well as at the end, all assessment procedures will be repeated. For the control of the training load, at the beginning of each month the experimental group will be monitored by questionnaires and by heart rate records. For data analysis, we will use statistical techniques to calculate measures of central tendency and dispersion (mean and standard deviation). The Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Levene test will be performed to verify the normality and homogeneity of the data, respectively. if the data are normal, a two-way ANOVA variance test will be performed for repeated measures, with Tukey's post hoc. Pearson's correlation test. If the data are not normal, a non-parametric statistic with equivalent tests will be applied. Statistical analyzes will be performed by the statistical program SPSS for Windows (Version: 25.0, PASW Statistics SPSS, Chicago, IL, EUA). Significance Level will be set at 5%.
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MARIA LUIZA FÉLIX PESSOA
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Relationship between 24-hour movement composition and heart rate variability in preschoolers.
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Fecha: 10-feb-2021
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Hora: 14:00
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Associative studies have been linking physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (CS) and sleep behaviors to autonomic activity in different populations. However, the age group of preschoolers has still been little explored. A new perspective of analysis is emerging in the health area, taking into account the composition of these behaviors over the 24 hours. Thus, the objective of this study was to associate the composition of movement behaviors over 24 hours and the heart rate variability (HRV) in preschool children in the city of João Pessoa-PB. For this, 123 children aged 3-5 years (4.52 ± 0.25 years, 62 girls) students from two Reference Centers in Early Childhood Education -CREIs in João Pessoa were evaluated. AF and CS were measured using an accelerometer (wGT3x) and analyzed according to the intensities (mild, moderate, vigorous and sedentary behavior). Sleep time was determined from an interview with parents or guardians. HRV was measured using a chest strap (Firstbeat ®, Finland) for 10 minutes, the last five minutes being used for analysis. In addition, weight and height were measured, according to standard procedures, and the body mass index was calculated. The data were analyzed from the compositional analysis, through the R Core Team (version3.6.1, 2019). The descriptive results showed that there are significant differences for SC between children aged 3-4 and 4-5 years. The behaviors that showed the lowest codependency relationship were MVPA and CS. Only the RMSSD index was significantly associated with the 24-hour movement (p <0.05). Thus, we concluded that the best daily composition in movement behaviors was able to predict parasympathetic activity in preschool children.
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JOSÉ FELLIPE SOARES MARANHÃO
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Analysis of the Psychometric Properties of the Questionnaire of Processual Knowledge in Volleyball for Young Brazilian Athletes
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Fecha: 28-ene-2021
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Hora: 10:00
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ABSTRACT
The present study aimed to analyze the psychometric properties of Procedural Knowledge Questionnaire in Volleyball (PKQV) for young Brazilian athletes. To assess the content validity of the instrument, five experts (including doctors and volleyball team coaches) were invited to assess the clarity of language (CL), practical relevance (PP), and theoretical relevance (TR) of the items of the instrument, on a 5-point Likert scale (being: 1- "very little", 2- as "little", 3- as "average", 4- as "much" and finally 5- as "very much") , where the Content Validity Coefficient (CVC) was verified a posteriori for each criterion that the experts evaluated. After content validity results, 501 volleyball athletes of both sexes, aged 11 to 15 years, participating in the Paraná Volleyball Cup in 2019, answered the instrument to analyze the construct validity of the through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and later through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). To verify the convergent validity, the Average Extracted Variance (AEV) was used. To check the instrument's consistency, the composite reliability (CR) and the test-retest reliability were used through the intraclass correlation index. The data obtained by the content validity were tabulated and analyzed with a specific formula in Microsoft Excel version 2013. The construct validity obtained through the EFA was analyzed by the IBM SPSS software version 24.0, using the factorization technique by the main axis with oblique rotation Promax, corrected by Kaiser's normalization, excluding items with a factor load less than 0.3, or is arranged in more than one factor. The CFA was analyzed using the Amos software, where indicators were used: Chi-Square (x² and pvalue), Normalized Chi-Square (x² / df), Goodness of Fit (GFI), Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA ), Normalized Adjustment Index (NFI), Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI), Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index (AGFI) and Comparative Adjustment Index (CFI) to analyze the generated model. Finally, CC and convergent validity were tabulated and analyzed in an excel spreadsheet. The results showed that for content validity, the instrument presented positive indexes in the CVC for CL (0.92), PP (0.91), and TR (0.91), with only item 23 being excluded from the instrument because it presents values of CVC less than 0.8. In the construct validity, after EFA, only 13 of the 23 remaining items of the instrument had a factor load above 0.3, with the 13 items arranged in 3 factors. The results obtained by the CFA showed that the instrument
showed good adjustment indexes (x² = 95.91; p = 0.004; x² / gl = 1.55; CFI = 0.90; GFI = 0.97; NFI = 0.78; TLI = 0 , 88 and RMSEA = 0.035), however, only three items had a factor load above 0.5. The internal consistency through the CR showed an acceptable value for the construct as a whole (0.71); however, the individual values of each factor of the instrument showed values below 0.5. The convergent validity through VEM presented weak indices, being in all factors, as in the instrument in its entirety, below 0.2. The QCPV instrument, the final Brazilian version, presented 13items arranged in 3 factors. Changing the number of items or factors is a possibility when performing the instrument validation process; however, based on the results presented during the analysis of the questionnaire's psychometric properties, it is concluded that the instrument did not obtain satisfactory indexes in the parameters used, being necessary new studies with the construct so that coaches and researchers of sport psychology can use it.
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PEDRO CRISÓSTOMO ALVES FREIRE JÚNIOR
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IMPACT OF THE GRAVITY OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA ON HEART RATE AND BLOOD PRESSURE TO EXERCISE CARDIOPULMONARY TEST IN ELDERLY WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
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Fecha: 28-ene-2021
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Hora: 09:00
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Background: the aging process causes autonomic and endothelial dysfunction, which predisposes to the installation of arterialhypertension and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS). These diseases, when associated, can exacerbate sympathetic hyperactivity and attenuate the heart rate of recovery, both disorders are reported to have worse cardiovascular outcomes.Aim: to evaluate the effect of the severity of obstructive sleep apnea on the heart rate of recovery and hemodynamic responses during the cardiopulmonary exercise test in elderly people with arterial hypertension.Methods: thirty ninehypertensive elderly people with OSAS were included, who were allocated into 3 groups, according to the apnea / hypopnea index (AHI): mild OSA (AHI ≥ 5 and ≤15 events / h; n = 15), OSAS moderate (AHI >15 and ≤ 30 events / h; n = 18) and severe OSAS (AHI >30 events / h; n = 9). All underwent CPET, polysomnography and completed the sleep quality questionnaire (PSQI). The Shapiro-Wilk and Levene tests were used to assess data distribution and sample homogeneity. One-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman's Correlation tests were used. The level of significance accepted was p <0.05.Results: there were no statistical differences in oxygen consumption, oxygen pulse, minute ventilation, ventilatory efficiency, respiratory changes, maximum and expected heart rate and blood pressure between the elderly groups assessed during the CPET (p> 0.05 for all comparisons). The elderly with severe OSAS had a lower HRrec1 'response delta compared to the moderate OSAS group (18.3 ± 4.9 vs 13.7 ± 6.9 bpm; p = 0.041) and mild OSAS (18.2 ± 3.4 vs 13.7 ± 6.9 bpm; p= 0.042). In contrast, there are no differences between the absolute values and the response deltas of FCrec2 'in the groups evaluated. However, the group of elderly people with severe OSAS shows an attenuation in parasympathetic reactivation compared to the moderate OSAS group (26.4 ± 7.4 vs 29.0 ± 5.1 bpm, respectively, p = 0.059) and the mild OSAS group (26.4 ± 7.4 vs 30.7 ± 4.7 bpm, respectively, p = 0.094). There is no correlation between AHI and ∆FCrec1'(r = -0.210; p = 0.198) and ∆FCrec2'(r = -0.114; p = 0.488). Elderly people with severe OSAS present worse sleep quality, compared to mild OSAS (9.5 ± 3.11 vs 4.3 ± 0.96; respectively, p = 0.018). Similarly, it is also observed that the elderly with moderate OSAS are poor sleepers compared to mild OSAS (7.0 ± 1.52 vs 4.3 ± 0.96; respectively, p = 0.019). On the other hand, there is no significant difference between groups of elderly people with severe and moderate OSAS (9.5 ± 3.11 vs 7.0 ± 1.52; respectively, p = 0.133).Conclusion: the severity of obstructive sleep apnea attenuates parasympathetic reactivation and worsensthe subjective quality of sleep in elderly hypertensive patients, but does not alter the exercise capacity and hemodynamic responses during maximum physical effort.Keywords: Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome; Hypertension; Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test; Heart Rate Recovery.
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ALDO NEVES DA SILVA
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DEVELOPMENT OF A CYCLEERGOMETER TO EVALUATE ECOCARDIOGRAPHIC PARAMETERS DURING THE MAXIMUM PHYSICAL EXERCISE TEST
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Fecha: 27-ene-2021
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Hora: 09:00
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Introduction: Noninvasive tests for the detection of coronary diseases such as myocardial ischemia are routinely used in the world and here in Brazil. In this light, the echocardiogram performed during the maximal stress test has an excellent cost-effectiveness ratio, however, for its performance, a cycle ergometer is necessary that can be adjusted so that the patient is in the supine position, so that, the echocardiographer is able to acquire the images during all phases of the test. Objectives: To build a low cost cycle ergometer that can be applied in the evaluation of echocardiographic parameters during the maximum exercise test, as well as to evaluate the quality of these parameters. Methods: CAD Solid Works software for Windows version 2018 was used to format the design of the base of the cycle ergometer, as well as to outline the assembly and operation of the transmission system. Then, the construction of the cycle ergometer began, emphasizing the use of alternative materials, but which would provide comfort, stability and safety for patients during the test. After production, a Bushido Smart T2300 bike training roller was attached to the cycle ergometer. For the evaluation of the cycle ergometer, a stable load test (50 and 100 Watts) was performed for 10 minutes each load, and an incremental test (30, 60, 90 and 120 Watts) for 3 minutes each load, both tests with a cadence of 60 cycles per minute. Electrocardiographic records and echocardiographic images were obtained in 11 individuals (8 men and 3 women), with a mean age of 479 years and a BMI of 303 Kg / m2, without cardiovascular or osteomioarticular comorbidities. Results: The cycle ergometer showed a good response to the stable and incremental load test, demonstrating the equipment's capacity to perform exams where exercise is the stressor. Eighty-two percent of the tests were successful and the average maximum HR achieved in the tests was 15215 bpm, for an average forecast of 1749 bpm. This represented an effort of 89% of the estimated. The electrocardiographic tracing showed good quality, without any difficulty for its evaluation or diagnosis. The echocardiogram images were of excellent quality, allowing a diagnosis of the parameters in all windows assessed without difficulties. Conclusion: in this study we can demonstrate that the constructed and evaluated cycle ergometer, despite its simple and low cost construction, proved to be useful and adequate to perform the echocardiogram during the maximum exercise test, filling a gap in the medical equipment trade, as well as fully meeting the objectives of LETFAS to contribute to science with the advancement of its research in the line of exercise in health and disease.
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DAVI RODRIGUES LEÃO
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Effect of a single interval training session on Autonomic Cardiac Control in Obese
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Fecha: 26-ene-2021
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Hora: 14:00
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Introduction: Obesity is a disease that has been growing alarmingly worldwide. It causes a greater increase in death risk and development of chronic diseases and dysfunction in the cardiac autonomic nervous system. On the other hand, high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) can be an efficient method for controlling cardiovascular autonomic balance, given its influence on the parasympathetic nervous system. Objectives: Evaluate the effect of a high-intensity interval exercise session on cardiac autonomic control in obese individuals. Methods: 11 young people (26 ± 2.5 years old) classified as obese and 11 young people (25.2 ± 3.8 years old) classified as Eutrophic were evaluated. They were randomly submitted to an experimental session. The HIIE session started with a warm-up (5 min at 50% of HRmax) consisted of 10 stimuli / passive recovery (without exercise) from 1: 1min to 92% of HRmax. All participants underwent exercise testing, anthropometric assessment, and electrocardiogram and blood pressure collection before and after the session. The data were tabulated in Excel and SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, IBM®️). The values of cardiac autonomic modulation and blood pressure were tested using the T Test, Mann Whitney U test or Wilcoxon test with the aim of evaluating the magnitudes of intrasession differences (post vs. pre) and between the previous ones (post vs. post). Logarithmic transformation was applied in the absolute components of RMSSD and SDDN and low frequency / high frequency autonomic balance (BF / AF). The level of statistical significance was considered p≤0.05. Results: Regarding the intragroup cardiovascular autonomic evaluation, HIIT promoted a reduction in obese individuals at the SDNNlog indexes (1.60 ± 0.19ms vs. 1.42 ± 0.33, p = 0.045), without RMSSDlog (1.63 ± 0.20ms vs 1.44 ± 0.37ms, p = 0.031) and no eutrophic group, there was a reduction in SDNNlog indexes (1.72 ± 0.15ms vs. 1.48 ± 0.20, p = 0.007), without RMSSDlog (1.76 ± 0.17ms vs. 1.43 ± 0.23ms, p = 0.001), and with no PA component (45.53 ± 19.63un vs. 23.70 ± 22.60un, p = 0.004). As for the evaluation between the groups, there was no significant difference for the autonomic indexes. The analysis of intragroup blood pressure in the obese presented no difference quickly, whereas in the eutrophic group, reductions in SBP were found: -11mmHg, p = 0.007; DBP: -8mmHg, p = 0.000 and MAP: -8mmHg, p = 0.002. Conclusion: Young people with MHPAL when performing an HIIE session with private sleep partially show decreases in SBP and DBP during restorative sleep and in 24-hour SBP. These pressure responses may contribute to a reduction in sympathetic activity and an increase in heart rate variability.
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MURILLO FRAZÃO DE LIMA E COSTA
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CARDIORRESPIRATORY FITNESS AND NEUROMUSCULAR PERFORMANCE OF COVID-19 RECOVERED PATIENTS.
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Fecha: 26-ene-2021
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Hora: 08:30
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Introduction: in late December 2019, a new corona virus, called severe acute
respiratory syndrome 2 corona virus (SARS-CoV-2), caused the 2019 corona
virus disease pandemic (COVID-19). The disease affects multiple systems,
presenting different physiological dysfunctions according to the degree of
evolution. As a result of this multisystemic effect, it is reasonable to think that
COVID-19 can decrease cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle performance.
The main objective of this study was to assess cardiorespiratory fitness and
neuromuscular performance in patients recovered from COVID-19. The
secondary objective of this study was to investigate the validity of
electromyography (EMG) as a non-invasive method for detecting the anaerobic
threshold and the respiratory compensation point in patients recovered from
COVID-19. Methods: this is a prospective observational study. Patients
recovered from COVID-19 (divided into two groups according to the intensity of
the disease: mild or severe) were evaluated and compared with a control group
of healthy individuals. The individuals were submitted to an evaluation by
cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) associated with quadriceps EMG (vastus
lateralis). From the CPET analysis, the following variables were considered:
power output, peak oxygen consumption (VO2), oxygen pulse at maximum
effort (O2Pulse), cardiovascular efficiency (ΔHR/ΔVO2), peak ventilation (VE),
breathing reserve (BR), ventilatory efficiency (VE/VCO2 slope), anaerobic
threshold (AT) and respiratory compensation point (RCP). From the EMG
analysis, root mean square (RMS), neuromuscular efficiency (Δwatts / Δ%
RMS) and the first and second inflection points of the EMG were considered
during the effort. Results: patients with severe COVID-19 had lower VO2,
O2Pulse and VE than patients with mild COVID-19 and healthy individuals (p
<0.05 for all comparisons). There were no differences in ΔHR/ΔVO2, BR or
VE/VCO2 slope between groups (p> 0.05 for all comparisons). Type IIa and IIb
fibers were activated at a lower power output in severe patients than in patients
with mild COVID-19 and healthy individuals (p <0.05). Δwatts/Δ%RMS was
lower in severe patients than in mild COVID-19 and healthy individuals (p
<0.05). EMG and gas exchange analysis showed a strong correlation in the
detection of the anaerobic threshold (r = 0.97, p <0.0001) and the respiratory
compensation point (r = 0.99, p <0.0001). The Bland-Altman analysis showed a
bias = -4.7 watts for AT detection in EMG compared to the gas exchange
analysis and a bias = -2.1 watts in the detection of RCP. Conclusions: patients
recovered from severe COVID-19 have lower cardiorespiratory fitness and
neuromuscular efficiency (a fact not observed in patients recovered from mild
COVID-19) and that EMG can be used as a non-invasive method for detecting
AT and RCP in these patients.
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