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TARSYS NOAN SILVA VERISSIMO
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Advisor : EDILSON PAES SARAIVA
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Date: Dec 29, 2021
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Time: 08:30
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Show Summary
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The migration of dogs to regions with climates totally different from their place of origin, as
well as the phenotypic changes that occur throughout evolution, are starting points for questions
to be raised about the tolerance that these animals have to the climatic conditions where they
live. . Some phenotypes explored over time in certain breeds are related to improved health,
while many others negatively affect the well-being of domestic dogs, making them very
susceptible to high air temperatures. The sensitivity to heat that dogs have is linked to some
factors, such as limitation in thermolysis, as they use respiratory evaporation as the only
efficient mechanism for thermal exchanges in situations of heat stress. In addition, the common
practice of physical activities in conjunction with exposure to solar radiation or humid
environments can increase the risk of hyperthermia in domestic dogs, in addition to the
possibility of developing respiratory alkalosis, hypoglycemia, dehydration, irreversible
neurological damage and even even death. Thus, it is important to know the thermal exchange
mechanisms that contribute to the thermoregulation of dogs, as well as the thermal balance
models already developed, so that strategies are established to reduce the negative effects of
thermal environments that are unsuitable for the species and improve the well-being of domestic
dogs raised in tropical climate regions.
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PRISCYLLA CARVALHO VASCONCELOS
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Comparative genomic study of Staphylococcus spp. associated with caprine subclinical mastitis in Paraíba
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Advisor : CELSO JOSE BRUNO DE OLIVEIRA
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Date: Dec 17, 2021
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Time: 08:00
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Show Summary
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ROSEVÂNIA VELOSO BARBOSA
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FIBER BARS FORMULATED WITH AGROINDUSTRIAL FRUIT RESIDUES FOR PET RABBITS
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Date: Dec 10, 2021
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Time: 09:00
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Show Summary
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The population of pets has grown in families' homes, and unconventional animals such as rabbits have gained ground both for their beauty and for their docility, in addition to being the small animal. Rabbits are animals that need dietary fiber to meet their nutritional needs, physiological and behavioral aspects. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the use of dietary fiber bars formulated with different agribusiness fruit residues for Pet rabbits. For that, 24 animals of both sexes with 50 days of age were used and distributed in a completely randomized design divided into four treatments and six replications. The treatments consisted of offering feed plus fiber bar, as follows: RC - Commercial feed; RAC Commercial feed + Fiber bar formulated with acerola residue; RCA - Commercial ration + fiber bar formulated with guava residue and RGO - Commercial ration + fiber bar formulated with guava residue. The productive performance was analyzed; ration digestibility, animal behavior, SCFA profile and wear of animal teeth as a function of bar consumption. The results showed that the consumption of bars did not affect (P>0.05) the productive parameters, as well as the digestibility of the diets in the evaluated periods. The short-chain fatty acid profile of the feces was not influenced by the consumption of fiber bars, except for the acetic acid concentration which was reduced (P<0.05) in the feces of rabbits fed with the
bars. Regarding tooth wear, the consumption of fiber bars, regardless of the residue, reduced (P<0.05) the size of the upper teeth, not affecting the lower teeth in the entire period evaluated. It is concluded that the offer of fiber bars formulated with acerola, cajá and guava residues together with the feed helps in tooth wear, without affecting the performance and digestibility of the feed for Lion Head rabbits.
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IARA TAMIRES RODRIGUES CAVALCANTE
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CARCASS TRAITS AND QUALITY OF LAMB MEAT FED WITH SILAGE BASED ON SPINELESS CACTUS AND COTTON PIE
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Date: Aug 30, 2021
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Time: 14:00
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Show Summary
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The study aimed to evaluate the carcass traits, meat quality and the yield of non-carcass constituents of lambs fed total mixed ration on spineless cactus and cotton cake. Thirty-two crossbred Dorper lambs with initial age of 120 days and average initial live weight of 17±1.5 kg were used. After 60 days of confinement, the lambs were evaluated biometrically, weighed, slaughtered, eviscerated and the carcasses obtained were measured morphometrically. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with four treatments (0, 20, 25 and 30% inclusion of cotton cake) and eight replications. Data for each treatment were compared using orthogonal contrasts, which when significant by Dunnett's test, were submitted to regression analysis at 5% probability. The biometric variables were subjected to principal component analysis, Pearson correlations and used in the development of the carcass traits prediction equation through regression analysis at 5% probability. The morphometric and biometrics data were submitted to canonical discriminant analysis to identify the variables that best discriminate the treatments and build a discriminant function that represents the differences between the treatments. There was no effect (P>0.05) of treatments on carcass characteristics, weight and yield of commercial cuts, weight of edible and inedible organs, tissue composition, pH, temperature, color, cooking losses, moisture and content of protein from the meat of the lambs. The equality of results may be associated with the fact that the diets are isoprotein and isoenergetic, but the diet containing 25% cotton cake proved to be more economically viable. Among the biometric variables studied by multivariate analysis, 6 body measurements fit (P<0.05) to the prediction equations of slaughter weight, empty body weight, hot carcass weight, cold carcass weight, hot carcass yield, cold carcass yield, ribeye area and edible viscera weight, suggesting that producers who do not have a scale and want to use the experimental diet can predict meat production from biometric measurements using the equations generated in this study. The variables with greater discriminatory power between treatments, selected based on standardized canonical coefficients were chest depth (with greater discriminatory power by the stepwise method), withers height and leg width. The first two canonical variables were sufficient to explain 73% and 20% of the total data variation. The inclusion of up to 30% of cotton cake as a replacement for buffel hay in the spineless cactus silage can be used in the termination of lambs in harming the production of meat in confinement.
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DANILLO MARTE PEREIRA
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Date: Aug 20, 2021
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Time: 08:00
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Show Summary
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This study involved three experiments. In the first, the objective was to identify the optimal
level of ideal forage cactus in the mixture that provides a good microbiological profile, as well
as reducing losses during the ensiling process, optimizing dry matter recovery and aerobic
stability of mixed silages. The experimental design consisted of a completely randomized
design, consisting of five treatments and four replications. The treatments were represented by
the inclusion of spineless cactus in the forage sorghum silage: 0; 25; 50; 75 and 100% of forage
cactos in the natural matter of the mixture. There was an increasing quadratic effect (P < 0.05)
on lactic acid bacteria counts (LAB) and dry matter recovery (DMR), estimating maximum
values at levels of 51.8 and 33.5% of forage cactus in the silage. However, there was a
decreasing quadratic effect (P < 0.05) for gas losses (GL), with the lowest value being estimated
at the level of 37.9% of forage cactus in silage. There was an increasing linear effect (P < 0.05)
for effluent losses (EL), time in which the silages reached the maximum temperature (TMT),
aerobic stability (AS) of the silages and in the levels of ether extract (EE) and non-fibrous
carbohydrate (NFC). However, there was a decreasing linear effect (P < 0.05) on mold count,
maximum silage temperature (MT), dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent
fiber (NDF) contents of the silages mixed. When using the forage cactus in the confection of
mixed silages with sorghum, it is recommended the 50% level of forage cactus, optimizing the
recovery of dry matter and aerobic stability, without affecting the nutritive value of the silage.
The second experiment aimed to evaluate the effects of forage cactus as humidifier additive on
fermentative, microbiological, aerobic stability, chemical composition and In situ ruminal
degradability of corn grain silage at different opening times. The experimental design consisted
of a completely randomized design in a 4 × 3 factorial scheme was used, consisting of four
levels of dry matter (DM) (50; 60; 70 and 80% DM) and three opening periods (30; 60 and 120
days after ensiling). There was an interaction effect (P < 0.05) between DM levels of maize
grain silage rehydrated with forage cactus and the opening periods on the silage yeast
population, effluent losses (EL), gas losses (GL), dry matter recovery (DMR), aerobic stability
(AS) and forage cactus levels on lactic acid bacteria (LAB) populations, molds and yeasts, after
the AS test. The DM In situ degradability of the ensiled mass increased after the ensiling process
at all levels and opening periods evaluated. When using forage cactus as a humidifying additive
for corn grain, the 60% DM level is recommended when the permanence time of the ensiled
mass in the silo is equal to or less than 120 days and 70% DM when it is 120 days after the
silage. In the third experiment, the objective was to evaluate the fermentative characteristics of
silage total mixed ration based on forage cactus and cotton cake and its effect on the productive
performance and ingestive behavior of sheep in confinement. The study was divided into two
experimental trials, both distributed in a completely randomized experimental design. The first
experimental trial evaluated the fermentative quality of silages total mixed ration (TMR), with
five repetitions per treatment, and the second evaluated the productive performance and
ingestive behavior of the sheep, with eight repetitions per treatment, with the treatments
represented by the pie proportions of cotton cake in the TMR (0; 20; 25 and 30% cotton cake,
based on dry matter). There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) between the TMR for yeast
population, pH, gas losses (GL), efluente losses (EL), dry matter recovery (DMR), ether extract
intake (EEI), dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter (OMD), crude protein (CPD), ether
extract (EED), neutral detergent fiber (NDFD), non-fibrous carbohydrate (NFCD), total
digestible nutrients (TDN) and for all ingestive behavior variables, except for feeding. Thus,
forage cactus ensures the fermentative and hygienic quality of the silages in the form of feed,
regardless of the proportions of cotton cake. Therefore, based on the productive performance
and ingestive behavior of Dorper sheep feedlot, it is recommended silage as feed with 30%
cotton cake.
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GUILHERME MEDEIROS LEITE
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Detoxified castor bean bran as a protein additive in sugarcane silage
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Advisor : EDSON MAURO SANTOS
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Date: Aug 6, 2021
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Time: 09:00
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Show Summary
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of castor bean meal inclusion levels with two particle sizes on chemical composition, microbial populations, fermentation profile, losses during ensiling and aerobic stability of sugarcane silages. A completely randomized experimental design was used, in a 4x2x2 factorial scheme, with four levels of inclusion of castor bean meal based on natural matter (0, 5, 10 and 20%), two particle sizes (<0.5mm and >0, 5mm) and two opening times, 30 and 100 days, with four repetitions. The experimental silos contained Bunsen valves to quantify losses. The sugarcane was chopped at 2cm, followed by mixing with the castor bean meal. The material was compacted until reaching a density of 600 kg/m3 . There was an increasing linear effect for crude protein on the inclusion levels of castor bean meal, in both granulometries and opening periods (P= 0.0001), with a mean of 21.36 and 19.54 g Kg-1 of DM. There was a quadratic effect for mold at the 100-day opening for the inclusion levels (P=0.0001), with an estimated minimum count at the inclusion level of 10.82%. An increasing linear effect was observed for the buffer capacity at the levels in the fine granulometry (P= 0.0196) of the 30-day opening. For the maximum temperature reached by the silo, there was a quadratic effect (P= 0.0011) for the inclusion levels, observing the lowest maximum temperature at the inclusion level of 13.69%. When using detoxified castor bean meal as a protein additive in sugarcane ensilage, it is recommended the 20% inclusion level for opening at 100 days, regardless of the particle size used.
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ALICE DA ROCHA SILVA
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Advisor : ARIOSVALDO NUNES DE MEDEIROS
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Date: Jul 30, 2021
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Time: 09:00
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Show Summary
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DIEGO DE SOUSA VIEIRA
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MICROBIOLOGICAL COMPOSITION OF FORAGE PALM AND BUFFEL GRASS DIETS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO NUTRITIONAL DISORDERS IN SHEEP
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Date: Jul 30, 2021
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Time: 08:30
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Show Summary
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The water deficit existing in arid and semi-arid regions makes forage cactus stand out as an alternative in ruminant feeding, but this, as it has a low level of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), must be supplied to animals in conjunction with sources of fiber such as buffel grass hay. The objective of this work was to evaluate the inclusion of buffel grass hay levels in diets based on cactus forage on metabolic disorders in confined sheep. The experiment was conducted on a private property, located in the city of São José dos Cordeiros-PB. Four diets constituted with different percentages of buffel grass hay were tested. The diets were composed of forage cactus, buffel grass hay and concentrate, and the treatments were represented by different levels of hay in the dry matter of the ration: T1: 7.5% buffel grass hay; T2: 15% buffel grass hay; T3: 30% buffel grass hay and; T4:45% buffel grass hay based on dry matter. The variables analyzed were: Escherichia coli and enterobacteria counts; fecal score; dry matter consumption; physiological parameters; blood count. The interaction effect of collection period and buffel grass hay levels was observed on the counts of Enterobacteria (P<0.0001) and E. Coli (P=0.0043) in leftover food and animal feces. The levels of buffel grass hay had a quadratic effect on dry matter intake (P=0.0101) with maximization of the DMI at the level of 25.3% of buffel grass hay. There was no interaction effect (P=0.9311) on the fecal score of the animals. However, there was a significant difference (P=0.0034) in the levels of buffel grass hay on this variable. There were significant changes (P<0.0001) in the blood parameters of sheep. Levels
below 15% of buffel grass hay based on dry matter, in diets based on cactus forage, provides greater contamination of the diet and animal feces by enterobacteria, such as Escherichia coli, negatively modifying the blood and physiological parameters and increased incidence of diarrhea in confined sheep.
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DAIANE GONÇALVES DOS SANTOS
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Date: Jul 29, 2021
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Time: 08:30
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Show Summary
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the bacterial community dynamics of different proportions
of forage cactus and buffel grass hay as a function of the period of exposure to air. The
experimental design used was completely randomized, in a 5 x 5 factorial arrangement (five
levels of palm and buffel grass hay x five times of exposure to air), with five replications. The
treatments consisted of forage cactus levels, ranging from 20 to 100% in natural matter,
evaluated at times 0, 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours. The variables analyzed were: internal and surface
temperature; chemical composition; Escherichia coli population and bacterial community by
16S ribosomal rRNA gene metataxonomy. There was an interaction between the levels of palm
in the diet and the time of exposure to air (P<0.001) for internal and surface temperature, pH
and population of Escherichia coli. It was found that the lower the level of palm, the higher the
internal and surface temperature of forages, reaching the peak temperature after 12.19 and 11.87
hours of exposure to air, respectively. In all treatments, the pH was considered as having low
acidity, between 5.70 and 7.38. The peak of E. coli population growth was after 16.06 hours of
exposure to air. For chemical composition, there was interaction (P<0.001) of palm levels and
time of exposure to air for dry matter, crude protein, buffer capacity, soluble carbohydrates and
ammonia nitrogen. The time of exposure to air significantly influenced (P<0.001) the values of
organic matter, mineral matter and ether extract, for the values of neutral detergent fiber it
observed a significant effect (P<0.001) for the levels of palm. An increase in microbial richness
and uniformity of all treatments was noted after six hours. The most abundant genera were
Weissella, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Pseudomonas, Sphingobacterium and Sphingomonas. A
higher microbial quality was observed in the diet with 100% palm, with a predominance of
Weissella, Lactobacillus and Leuconostoc. With 80% of buffel grass hay there was an apparent
abundance of Pseudomonas, Sphingomonas and Sphingobacterium. Thus, it is concluded that
forage cactus in combination with buffel grass hay increases the proliferation of
microorganisms with pathogenic potential, when exposed to air for periods longer than 6 hours,
negatively influencing the microbiological quality and chemical composition of forage.
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JORGE HENRIQUE DA SILVA COSTA
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HERBACEOUS-SUBARBUST STRATUM IN CAATINGAAREAS PAINTED BY GOATS ASSOCIATED WITH PHOSPHATE SOIL FERTILIZATION
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Date: Jul 15, 2021
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Time: 09:00
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Show Summary
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The Caatinga has a diversity of native species and high availability of plants of forage interest, however the structure and plant production vary according to environmental conditions and management. In order to evaluate the Caatinga under different doses of phosphate fertilization, from May 2019 to June 2020, an experiment was conducted at the Experimental Station of São João do Cariri, belonging to the Center for Agricultural Sciences of UFPB, in the city of São João do Cariri. The total experimental area used was 9.6 hectares, divided into three sub-areas of 3.2 hectares, which were submitted for 10 years (2007 to 2017) to different grazing intensities by goats: 10; 5 and; area without animals. During the experimental period there were no animals in the areas. For evaluation, each area was subjected to 4 treatments (control, 30, 60 and 90 kg of P2O5/há), these presented in five transects, three transects that received phosphate fertilization with 400m² (2m wide x 200m long) and two transects (control) with shorter length and minimum distance of 5 m so as not to be influenced by fertilization, where 10 samples were collected in each treatment, totaling 120 samples each month. After separation and identification, the species that showed greater availability (Aristida adscensionis, Diodia teres, Malvaceas and the Pool) were evaluated for frequency, dominance and forage mass. Fertilization promoted an increase in forage mass production in areas of Caatinga do Cariri in Paraíba, with emphasis on the dose of 90 kg of P2O5/há in 2020. At the month of April 2020 presented the highest mass production. Aristida had the highest frequency and dominance among species, while Diodia had the lowest relative frequency value in area 2 with 16.28%. For dominance, Aristida showed superiority among species, with an average of 30.50% in the evaluated areas. Assessing the relationship between year and species, the first two main components contributed with 89.1% to data variation. It was observed, greater availability of
Aristida in area 2 in the year 2020 with an average of 58.293 g/m². Considering the relationship
between year, area and P2O5 dose, the control treatment for the year 2019 had a lower forage mass value. In this sense, the doses of phosphate fertilization, together with high precipitation,
promoted, regardless of the use of the area, a greater production of forage mass.
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LILIANE PEREIRA SANTANA
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MICROBIAL INOCULANT AND COTTON PIE IN MILLET SILAGE IN DIFFERENT FERMENTATION PERIODS
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Date: Mar 9, 2021
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Time: 09:00
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Show Summary
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An experiment was carried out in the Forage sector of the Department of Zootechnics of the
Agricultural Sciences Center of the Federal University of Paraíba, in Areia with the objective
of evaluating the result of the addition of microbial inoculant and cotton cake on the
fermentation profile, microbial populations, stability aerobic, chemical composition and
losses in millet silages. The experimental design used was completely randomized, in a 4 × 2
factorial scheme, with the treatments being: 1. Control (Millet); 2. Millet + 10% cotton cake
(based on natural material); 3.Millet + Weissella cibaria - heterofermentative lactic bacteria;
4. Millet + cotton cake and Weissella cibaria (Combo) and two opening periods (30 and 90
days after silage) and four repetitions, totaling 32 experimental units. Quantification of
microbial populations, fermentation profile, gas losses were evaluated and effluents in silage,
dry matter recovery, chemical composition and aerobic stability. The silages containing cotton
cake had a greater recovery of dry matter (P = 0.0002). There was an effect of the opening on
the pH of the silages (p <0.0001). At 90 days of opening, in cake silages, yeast and mold
counts were less than 1.00 log UFC g-1 of silage. There was an effect of the opening in the
counts of BAL, mold and yeast (p <0.0001) and silages opened at 90 days had lower counts.
There was also an effect of the opening on aerobic stability (p <0.0001) in which silages
opened at 90 days, there was the greatest stability. The addition of cotton cake provided an
increase in the contents of DM, MM, EE, and PB (p <0.0001) and a decrease in the contents
of NDF and FDA (p <0.0001), when compared to control silages (only millet). ) and
inoculated with Weissellacibaria. The losses due to effluents were much lower in silages
containing cotton cake. The use of cotton cake in millet silage proved to be efficient in
decreasing silage losses, improving the fermentative profile and nutritional value, however, it
did not influence the aerobic stability of millet silage, as well as Weissella cibaria.
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NATALÍ ESTEVÃO DA CRUZ
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Advisor : JOSE HUMBERTO VILAR DA SILVA
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Date: Feb 26, 2021
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Time: 14:00
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Show Summary
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LEANDRO PEREIRA DE OLIVEIRA
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ANATOMICAL, CHEMICAL AND NUTRITIONAL CHARACTERIZATION OF Poincianella pyramidalis (Tul.) L. P. Queiroz ASSOCIATED WITH ITS PHENOPHASE
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Date: Feb 26, 2021
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Time: 09:00
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Show Summary
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The Poincianella pyramidalis (Tul.) LP Queiroz is a tree whose foliage is consumed by domestic ruminants in the dry season. local livestock efficiency. Despite the increase in research aimed at sustainable animal production in the Caatinga, the real potential for livestock production is still not known, perhaps due to the lack of knowledge of how native vegetation species behave. Thus, the objective of this work is to characterize the potential use of P. pyramidalis in animal production, from its anato-morphological, histochemical and nutritional characteristics. Leaf samples were collected in different phenophases, comprising young leaves, expanded leaves and senescent leaves (litter) for anatomical, morphological, phytochemical and bromatological analyses. The leaflets of P. pyramidalis present a distinct anatomical pattern and differences in the histolocation of the groups of secondary metabolites according to the stages of development. The anatomical characteristics of the leaves favor rumen degradability, but the presence of secondary metabolites may limit its use. The phytochemical study reveals the presence of groups of secondary metabolites of pharmaceutical interest and chemical characteristics that are relevant in animal production and welfare. The young leaf and the senescent leaf present better chemical-bromatological composition. The senescent leaf stands out for containing the highest carbohydrate content possible to be used by ruminal microorganisms and reflects in greater availability of energy for the animal. P. pyramidalis is an important food source for animals in the semiarid region.
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MIKAEL LEAL CABRAL MENEZES DE AMORIM
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Advisor : ROBERTO GERMANO COSTA
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Date: Feb 26, 2021
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Time: 08:00
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Show Summary
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THAMARA FERREIRA DA ROCHA
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CHARACTERIZATION OF THE GUT MICROBIOME OF Apis mellifera BEES FROM CAATINGA AND ATLANTIC FOREST BIOMES IN PARAÍBA STATE
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Advisor : CELSO JOSE BRUNO DE OLIVEIRA
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Date: Feb 25, 2021
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Time: 14:00
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Show Summary
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The composition of the intestinal microbiota can shift by several host´s intrinsic and extrinsic factors such as diet, physiological status and genetic profile. The present study aimed to characterize the differences in the intestinal microbiota of Apis mellifera bees from two biomes (Atlantic Forest and Caatinga) by means of 16S rRNA metagenomics. Amplicons targeting the V3-V4 regionsof the 16S rRNA was sequenced using Illumina hightroughput sequencing and data processing by downstream bioinformatics. Although the seven most abundant microbial taxa were present in the gut of bees from both biomes, Apibacter was significantly less abundant in the gut of bees from Caatinga compared with Atlantic Forest. The findings revealed that bees exposed to different types of biomas showed significant differences in the abundances of gut bacteria, even though the microbial variability was relatively low.
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ALITON NUNES DA SILVA
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Advisor : JOSE HUMBERTO VILAR DA SILVA
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Date: Feb 25, 2021
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Time: 09:00
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Show Summary
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IVA CARLA DE BARROS AYRES
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Date: Feb 25, 2021
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Time: 09:00
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Show Summary
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Changes in intestinal microbiome of birds can be promoted through the diet, so the constituents of the diet deserve attention about their effects on the intestinal ecosystem, among them fiber and the use of enzymes have a capacity to modulate the microbiota. The objective of this study is to analyze the modulation of the microbiota of European quails diets based on corn, soybean meal and wheat bran with or without the use of xylanase and phytase.224 European quails were used, distributed in a completely randomized design with eight treatments, seven replications with four birds per experimental unit. The treatments consisted of: Diet 1 based on corn + soybean F. (T1); Diet 1+ xylanase (T2); Diet 1 + phytase (T3); Diet 1 + phytase + xylanase (T4); Diet 2 based on wheat+ soybean F. (T5); Diet 2 + xylanase (T6); Diet 2+ phytase (T7); Diet 2+ phytase+ xylanase (T8). At 42 days, ten birds from each treatment were slaughtered to collect the intestinal contents after collection, a pool was performed, where the samples were identified, frozen and stored in a falcon tube and sent to the Neoprospecta Microbiome Technologies laboratory for analysis of the microbiota.The microbial profile was affected by dietary changes and enzyme supplementation, in both diets without enzyme supplementation there was a greater predominance of the genera Streptococcus and Lactobacillus and the species Lactobacillus agilis, Streptococcus macedonicus and Lactobacillus salivarius, however, the use of xylanase in the maize diet had a predominance of S. macedonicus followed by L. agilis and L. salivarius, however in the wheat bran diet there was a predominance of L. agilis and L. salivarius species, the use of phytase in the Maize diet showed greater dominance of L. agilis, when replacing corn with wheat bran, there was dominance of S. macedinicus, however, the association of the two enzymes provided a greater amount of L. salivarius and L. agilis with different proportions between the Maize or Wheat bran based diets. The use of wheat bran with the use of phytase and xylanase modulates the European quail microbiota, with an abundance of specific bacteria (L. agilis, L. salivarius and S. macedonicus) and dominance of lactic acid bacterias.
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MARILANIA DA SILVA SANTOS
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DIAZOTHROPHIC BACTERIA IN FABACEANS OF CAATINGA WITH POTENTIAL FOR INOCULATION IN SORGHUM CULTIVATED UNDER HYDRIC DÉFICIT
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Date: Feb 25, 2021
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Time: 09:00
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Show Summary
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Rhizobia make biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in symbiosis with leguminous plants. Mimosa tenuiflora, Mimosa caesalpiniifolia and Desmanthus pernambucanus are some of the native fabáeas of the Semi-arid region that fix N and still have characteristics of adaptability and resistance to the variability of the edaphoclimatic conditions of that region. In grasses these bacteria are relevant in the free life state, using the supply of carbohydrates from the environment to fix nitrogen (N). Studies have shown that the inoculation of rhizobia can promote the growth of grasses, due to the fact that these bacteria produce plant hormones, control phytopathogenic agents, among others. Grasses grown in the semiarid, such as sorghum, may not produce good production, so it is essential to find ways to mitigate this effect of drought and low amount of N in organic form in the soil. This study involved two experiments. The first aimed to evaluate the growth and morphogenic characteristics of forage sorghum inoculated with rhizobia native to the Caatinga under contrasting water conditions. For this purpose, a completely randomized design with a 6 x 3 factorial arrangement was adopted. The inoculation was performed with 5 isolates (MTBV77, MTP78, DPP1, MTBV12 and MCLR34) from rhizobia of forage species (Mimosa tenuiflora, Desmanthus pernambucanus and Mimosa caesalpiniifolia) and soil of the Semi-arid region, and another control subjected to three water conditions, with 4 repetitions. The growth, morphogenic and structural characteristics of sorghum were subjected to analysis of variance and regression by the statistical program ASSISTAT and main components by the program R. There was an interaction between the
factors evaluated for most of the variables, except for the number of live leaves and the leaves.
growth characteristics. The evaluated variables of sorghum showed higher values when subjected to inoculations with isolates compared to the control except for root dry matter and total nitrogen. The positive effect of these characteristics increased linearly according to the progress of the normal water condition. The native isolates of the forage species promote growth and alter the morphogenic characteristics of sorghum under contrasting water conditions, the isolates MTBV77, MTP78, DPP1 and mainly MTBV12 demonstrate potential for the production of promising biological inoculants. In the second experiment, the objective was to evaluate the growth promotion and morphogenic characteristics of sorghum inoculated with native rhizobia associated with doses of N. The experimental design was completely randomized with a 6 x 4 double factorial arrangement, 5 of which were isolated from rhizobia species. native forages, plus a control treatment subjected to doses of N (0, 40, 70 and 100kg of N / ha-1). Morphogenic and structural characteristics and growth promotion were evaluated. The values of the sorghum variables inoculated with the native rhizobia isolates, show linear growth with the doses of N. Among the inoculants evaluated, some presented higher NT (MTBV12, DPP1 and MTP78), higher MSPA (MTP78, MTBV12 and MTBV77) and MSR
(MCLR34). Indicating the promotion of growth of these rhizobia. Nitrogen fertilization cannot be dispensed with entirely, but these inoculants can allow savings in the use of nitrogen fertilizers, reducing production costs and contributing to sustainable management.
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DANIEL SILVA SANTOS
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INTESTINAL MORPHOLOGY OF EUROPEAN QUAIL (COTURNIX COTURNIX) FED WITH GLUTAMINE ASSOCIATED WITH GLUTAMIC ACID SUBMITTED TO THERMAL STRESS
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Advisor : PATRICIA EMILIA NAVES GIVISIEZ
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Date: Feb 25, 2021
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Time: 08:30
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Show Summary
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The poultry industry is considered an extremely important sector in the production of food for the world population. Quail production is one branch that has shown to be economically interesting due to its high productive potential, both for industrial production and for small producers or family farmers. This study evaluated how thermal stress affects the intestinal morphology of European quails and whether dietary supplementation with glutamine associated with glutamic acid can minimize the deleterious effects of thermal stress on the intestinal morphology of birds during their production cycle. In the first experiment, the intestinal morphology of European quails supplemented with glutamine associated with glutamic acid (Gln + Glu) was evaluated, submitted or not to cold thermal stress from 1 to 21 days of age. In the second experiment, the influence of dietary supplementation of glutamine associated with glutamic acid (Gln + Glu) on the intestinal morphometry of European quails subjected or not to heat stress from 22 to 42 days of age was evaluated. In both experiments, 320 non-sexed European quails were used, distributed in a completely randomized design (DIC), according to a 2 x 2 factorial scheme, with two thermal conditions and two diets (basal diet and diet supplemented with 1% Gln + Glu), with eight replicates and 10 birds per experimental unit. The variables analyzed were villus height, villus width, crypt depth, villus/crypt ratio and absorption area. The data were submitted to analysis of variance, and the means were compared using the Tukey test. In the first experiment, it was concluded that cold stress in the early life of European quails can be considered a factor that negatively affects the morphological development and some morphometric parameters of the small intestine. In the second experiment, supplementation positively affected the crypt depth of the duodenum and the villus/crypt ratio of the jejunum of heat-stressed European quails.
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ANDREZZA KYARELLE BEZERRA DE MOURA
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STOCK INDICATORS AND EFFICIENCY IN THE USE OF NUTRIENTS AND WATER IN BIOSSALINE SYSTEMS IN PALM FORAGE, SORGHUM AND MILLET
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Date: Feb 23, 2021
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Time: 08:00
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Show Summary
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The objective was to evaluate stocks and efficiency of the use of nutrients and water from the forage palm clone Mexican Elephant Ear (Opuntia stricta (Haw.) Haw.), BRS Ponta Negra sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and ADR 300 millet (Pennisetum glaucum) grown in biosaline systems, with different irrigation depths and doses of organic matter. The experiment was designed in randomized blocks with four treatments arranged in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme with four repetitions for forage palm and three repetitions for sorghum and millet. The first factor was made up of four irrigation depths: 0% (control) rainfed condition; 12%; 20%; and 28% ETo, where ETo% is the calculated reference evapotranspiration, which added to the rainfall for the forage palm; four irrigation depths for sorghum and millet: 25%; 50%; 75%; and 100% ETo in the 1st and 2nd cycles; and the second factor was composed of four levels of organic matter: 0, 15, 30, and 45 t / ha (tanned bovine manure). The composition, stock, efficiency of nutrient use, crop water productivity and economic productivity of water from forage palm and sorghum showed variation by ETo%, MO and / or, by their interaction (P <0.05). Millet, on the other hand, was influenced by ETo%, and by the interaction between water depth and organic matter (P <0.05). In the isolated observation of organic matter, there was no significant effect (P> 0.05) for the variables in the millet culture. The application of ETo% in the studied crops (palm, sorghum and millet) contributed to the accumulation of salts in the soil, influencing the production of green matter. The increase in OM contributed to the
production of forage palm at the ages of 6, 9, 12 and 15 months, of sorghum and millet in both cycles. In conditions of low water availability and / or with low quality water, bovine manure as a source of organic matter helped the water use by crops. Thus, the use of saline water for the irrigation of forage palm associated with increasing levels of organic matter had an influence on the mineral composition, however with respect to the stock of minerals they increased significantly. For sorghum, combinations of water layers with organic matter levels increased the mineral composition, however with respect to the mineral stock, there was an increase with the application of OM observed in isolation. As for millet, the use of saline water for irrigation showed little variation, which can be seen in the tolerance of the crop to salt stress, both for composition and mineral stock and for water efficiency indicators. Irrigation with saline water for water and nutrient use efficiency indicators was more effective in rainfed conditions for palm and sorghum at 25% ETo. For the economic productivity of water from forage palm, the financial return for each m3
of water was more effective with the combinations of water depths with the dose of 30t / ha at the ages of 6 and 9 months, and for the other ages at 45t /there is. Sorghum was more efficient with the combination of the ETo25% water slide with the 45t / ha dose in both cycle 1 and cycle 2. For millet the return was greater in the combination of the ETo25% water slide with the dose of 0t / ha in cycle 1 and with 45t / ha in cycle 2.
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AYRTON FERNANDES DE OLIVEIRA BESSA
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Genetic parameter estimates for traits of economic importance in Brahman cattle
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Date: Feb 10, 2021
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Time: 09:00
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Show Summary
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As the Brazilian livestock industry develops, breeders of Brahman cattle have been using animal breeding tools to obtain better productive and qualitative results. The study of reproductive traits in beef cattle aims to identify sexually precocious animals that have reproductive longevity. However, most of these traits present low heritability estimates, which indicates that the response to selection would be slow. Thus, the objectives of this study were to estimate genetic parameters of productive, reproductive and carcass traits; evaluate the genetic trends over the years of selection; and the influence of inbreeding on phenotypes in Brahman cattle. The traits herein studied were: body weights measured at 120, 210, 365 and 450 days of age (P120, P210, P365, and P450); scrotal circumferences measured at 365 and 450 days of age (PE365 and PE450); age at first calving (IPP);
gestation length (PG); stayability (STAY); rib eye area (AOL); subcutaneous fat thickness (EGS); and rump fat thickness (EGP8). The SAS statistical program was used to determine the significance of the fixed effects for the studied traits. The genetic parameters were estimated using WOMBAT and THRGIBBS1F90 software, under animal model, in single and two-trait analyses. The heritability estimate averages for P120, P210, P365, P450, PE365, PE450, IPP, PG, STAY, AOL, EGS, and EGP8 were equal to 0.19±0.03, 0.23±0.03, 0.23±0.03, 0.29±0.03, 0.26±0.05, 0.22±0.04, 0.10±0.03, 0.43±0.06, 0.14±0.04, 0.24±0.06, 0.17±0.06, and 0.27±0.07, respectively. Maternal heritability estimates for P120, P210, P365, P450, PE365, PE450 and PG were equal to 0.13 ± 0.03, 013 ± 0.03, 0.15 ± 0.03, 0.11 ± 0.03, 0.11 ± 0.02, 0.07 ± 0.02, and 0.07 ± 0.03, respectively. The proportion of the maternal permanent environment effect for P120 and P210 was equal to 0.11 ± 0.02. Genetic correlations ranged between -0.60 (STAY and EGS) and 0.97 (P365 and P450).
Genetic trends were significant (p <0.05) and favorable for all traits, except for IPP. There was a significant effect (p <0.05) of inbreeding in relation to the phenotypes adjusted for the fixed effects of P120, P210, P365, P450, and IPP. Based on the genetic trends, it was possible to verify that the selection conducted on the studied traits has been efficient and resulted in favorable annual genetic gains. Reproductive traits of high economic importance, difficult to measure and with low heritability, such as IPP and STAY, can be indirectly assisted by the selection in PE365, considering their moderate heritability and favorable genetic correlations with these traits. The emphasis applied in the selection of body weight traits may indirectly assist AOL. Although not included in the selection index, EGS and EGP8 have responded to the selection due to the use of breeders with high genetic value for these traits.
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FRANCISCO NAYSSON DE SOUSA SANTOS
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TOTAL MIXED RATIONS BASED ON FORAGE CACTUS ON THE FERMENTATION PROFILE, TAXONOMIC DIVERSITY, PRODUCTION, MILK COMPOSITION AND ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF LACTATING GOATS
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Date: Feb 8, 2021
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Time: 13:00
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Show Summary
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The first aimed to evaluate the productive and morphometric characteristics of forage cactus and gliricídia intercropped at different spacings. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with 4 treatments and 6 replications. The treatments consisted of four spacings between rows, in the planting of gliricídia: E1 (1.0 m), E2 (1.50 m), E3 (2.0 m) and E4 (3.0 m), with 2, 30 m between plants. In the palm, the height, width, total number of cladodes in the plant, length of cladodes, cladode width, total cladode area were analyzed, green and dry matter production, rain use efficiency. There was a significant difference only for plant height and plant width, with increasing linear effect (P<0.05), for forage cactus during two evaluation cycles. The gliricídia in the first year of intercropping, the variables, planar width, number of leaves, weight of branches, green matter and plant dry matter presented differences (P<0.05) in the spacings. The gliricídia can be used in intercropping with the forage cactus at a spacing of 1.0 m since, in addition to not compromising the performance and production of green matter of the two crops, it increases the efficiency of the use of the area. In the second and third experimental trial, the objective was to evaluate the effects of forage cactus levels in complete feed silages on the fermentation profile, microbial populations, aerobic stability, taxonomic diversity, silage losses and in situ degradability of dry matter. The design used was completely randomized, in a 4x4 factorial arrangement with six replications, four rations with different proportions of forage cactus (15; 30; 45 and 60% based on natural matter) and four silo opening periods (0, 15, 30 and 60 days of fermentation). An interaction effect (P<0.05) was observed between the rations and the opening time for mold and yeast population. A significant difference was observed for the richness and diversity index (P<0.05) (Chao1 and Shannon test). The most abundant bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria and Firmicutes and the genera Lactobacillus and Weissella. Gas losses were minimal and without differences between treatments (P>0.05), remaining below 1% in all complete feed silages in the study. In addition, effluent losses were not significantly different (P>0.05) between the silages, with an average of 13.6 kg tol-1 being bserved. Forage cactus can be included in complete feed silages up to the 60% level, so it acted positively on the qualitative indicators of the silages, modulating the taxonomic communities and allowing the predominance of important groups for the preservation of the silage mass and greater recovery of matter dry. In the fourth experiment, the objective was to evaluate the effect of feeding dairy goats with total ration silage based on forage cactus and buffel grass hay on milk production and composition as well as on the economic indicators of milk production. For the experimental trial, eight crossbred, lactating multiparous dairy goats with 40 ± 2.0 kg of body weight were used. Distributed in a 4x4 double latin square, balanced according to the lactation period. There was a significant difference (P>0.05) regarding milk production and milk fat content. The profitability index was positive only for the diet with 30% inclusion of buffel grass hay, presenting a value of 1.6 R$, while the profitability rate was 60%. Diets with 30% of buffel grass hay promoted an increase in milk production and alterations in the percentage of fat. The simulation to produce 100 dairy goats per year provided revenues higher than production costs, resulting in positive economic indicators for all evaluated scenarios.
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PEDRO HENRIQUE DE MELO GARCIA
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Red propolis extract in the diet of confined sheep: morphometric changes of the digestive system
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Date: Feb 2, 2021
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Time: 09:00
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Show Summary
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Red propolis stands out as a natural food additive, as it presents a potential source of bioactive compounds of great interest. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the use of increasing levels of red propolis extract (RPE) in the diet of sheep confined on the morphometric parameters of rumen and intestine and histopathological parameters of liver and kidney. For this, 35 Santa Inês crossbreed lambs, non-castrated males, with a mean age of 6 months and initial body weight of 17.08 ± 2.36 kg, distributed in a completely randomized design, with five treatments (0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 mL of RPE/animal/day) and seven replicates, submitted to an experimental period of 68 days. The animal feed was the same for all treatments, and the concentrated bulky ratio of 60:40 was adopted, respectively, consisting of ground corn, soybean meal, mineral supplement and Tifton-85 hay. The feed was supplied twice a day, in the form of a complete mixture. The RPE doses were offered to the animals orally after feeding, with an interval of one hour, using a 10 mL continuous flow dosing gun. After 68 days of confinement, the animals were slaughtered and samples of rumen, small intestine, liver and kidney were collected for histological analysis. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and regression at the level of 5% probability. The variables dry matter intake (DMI), total weight gain (TWG) epithelium thickness (ET), keratinized portion of epithelium (KP), non-keratinized portion of epithelium (NKP), papilla height (PH), papilla width (PW), mucosa thickness (MT) and submucosa thickness (ST) exhibited quadratic curve behavior (P<0.05), except for the thickness of the muscle layer, duodenais goblet cell index and hepatic glycogen. The TWG showed an increase of 20.24% when compared to the animals of the 28 mL day-1 RPE treatment with the control group. It was verified that the use of RPE in the diet of sheep confined to the variables ET, NKP, PW, MT and ST had as maximum point estimated at levels 17 (174.38 μm), 14 (153.06 μm), 16 (429.36 μm), 33 (548.85 μm) and 9 (1382.52 μm) mL day-1 RPE, respectively, and obtained an estimated minimum point at levels 13 (0.65 kg of DM day-1), 11 (4.81 kg), 9 (19.99 μm) and 12 (1374.25 μm) mL day-1 RPE for the variables DMI, TWG, KP and PH, respectively. Based on the results obtained in the present study, it is recommended the level of 28 mL day-1 RPE in the diet of confined sheep, in order to provide greater absorptive areas in the digestive system, increase in total weight gain and does not cause histopathological changes in liver and kidneys.
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GABRIEL FERREIRA DE LIMA CRUZ
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CARCASS TRAITS AND MEAT QUALITY OF GOATS SUBJECTED TO AN INTERMITTENT WATER SUPPLY AND FED WITH CACTUS SILAGE
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Date: Jan 29, 2021
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Time: 08:00
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Show Summary
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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of using different proportions of forage cactus silage (SPF) (Opuntia fícus-indica Mill) and an intermittent water supply (OIA) for goats on carcass traits, meat quality, fatty acids profile and nutraceutical parameters. Thirty-six crossbreed with an initial average weight of 18.25 ± 7.23 kg and average of eight months were randomly assigned to a 3 × 3 factorial design comprising three addition ratios of SPF to the diet (0, 21 and 42% based on dry matter) and three water supply intervals (0, 24 and 48 hours) with four replicates, during 84 days of feedlot. There was no influence of diets, water supply and interaction between factors on biometric and morphometric measures, commercial cuts and tissue composition of the leg. There was a reduction in the weight of the full gastrointestinal tract and an increase in carcass yields as SPF was included in the animals' diet. The OIA caused an increase in the proportion of buchada in the percentage of weight at slaughter and a reduction in the percentage of leg fat of the animals. The remaining non-constituents of the carcass, rib eye area, cooking losses and carcass weight were not influenced by SPF and OIA. The color indices (L*, a*, b* and chroma), pH and the physical-chemical characteristics of the meat were not influenced, except for the ash content that showed an increase in the percentage of the meat when the animals were fed with 42% SPF diet. There was interaction between factors for other leg tissues, cooking losses and shear force of the L. lumborum muscle. OIA resulted in a percentage increase in palmitic fatty acid in the lipid profile of the animals'
meat, and a reduction in the performance of the elongase enzyme. The replacement of Tifton hay by SPF in the animals' diet resulted in influences on the anteiso-pentadecanoic, behenic, tricosylic, cis-vaccenic, octadecanoic, gadoleic, α-linolenic, arachidonic, docosahexaenoic and sum of ω-6 fatty acids. However, SPF, OIA and the interaction between these factors did not change the sum and ratio of saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, as well as in the other nutraceutical parameters. Therefore, in situations of water restriction, both strategies, intermittent supply of up to 48 hours and diets with of up to 42% forage cactus silage, can be adopted in goat confinement, producing meat and carcasses with considerable nutritional quality and relatively healthy to consumers.
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MARINA DE SOUSA HIPOLITO FERREIRA
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PERFORMANCE AND HISTOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF THE GOATS DIGESTORY DEVICE SUBMITTED TO DIFFERENT BREASTFEEDING STRATEGIES
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Advisor : ARIOSVALDO NUNES DE MEDEIROS
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Date: Jan 28, 2021
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Time: 14:00
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Show Summary
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The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of goats submitted to lactation strategies characterized by different amounts and periods of milk supply, considering the consumption of solid foods and their histological changes in the digestive system. Eighty crossbred Saanen × Alpine-American animals were used, 40 females and 600 40 whole males, distributed in a completely randomized design in a factorial scheme (5 601 × 2), considering as factors five breastfeeding systems and two sexes (8 males and 8 602 females) constituted according to the quantity and frequency of the milk offered, 603 comprising two stages of breastfeeding. In the first phase, the animals received: T1 = 1.2 604 kg milk / animal / day (morning / afternoon); T2 = 1.2 kg milk / animal / day (morning / 605 afternoon); T3 = 1.2 kg milk / animal / day (morning / afternoon); T4 = 1.0 kg milk / 606 animal / day (morning / afternoon); T5 = 1.0 kg milk / animal / day (morning / afternoon). 607 For the second phase: T1 = 1.0 kg milk / animal / day (morning / afternoon); T2 = 1.0 kg 608 milk / animal / day (morning); T3 = 1.0 kg milk / animal / day (afternoon); T4 = 0.8 kg 609 milk / animal / day (morning); T5 = 0.8 kg milk / animal / day (afternoon). The 610 breastfeeding strategies evaluated on performance verified the effect of sex (P <0.05), 611 where male goats had a higher weight than females from the 7th day of life until weaning. 612 The consumption of DM in% CP, MM, EE and PB were not influenced (P> 0.05) by the 613 treatment, sex or the interaction between them. However, there was a sex effect (P <0.05) 614 for the consumption of DM, CNF and CHOT, in which the male goats in this study had 615 higher consumption averages in relation to the females, showing higher averages for the 616 kids submitted to the T5 (0.8 / afternoon). The apparent digestibility coefficients were not 617 influenced (P> 0.05) by the different experimental feedings. In ruminal 618 histomorphometry, there was a significant effect on epithelial thickness and papilla width 619 (P = 0.01), with the highest values observed at T1 (0.5 morning / afternoon) in relation to 620 the other treatments. The thickness of the muscle layer was significant (P = 0.02) for 621 animals submitted to T4 (0.8 / morning), verifying the interaction effect for quantity (P = 622 0.036). There was also a difference between the treatments for the variable height of 623 papilla (P = 0.01) and absorption area (P = 0.02) in the animals that received T5 (0.8 / 624 afternoon), they showed interaction (P <0.05) between the quantities of milk offered. In 625 the histomorphometric parameters of the intestine, the breastfeeding strategies influenced 626 (P <0.05) in the villus width and submucosa thickness, in which higher means for T4 were observed, presenting an interaction effect (P <0.05) for frequency. There was a higher 628 index of goblet cells for animals fed T2 (1.0 / afternoon). T1 animals (1.0 / morning), 629 showed a higher (P <0.05) hepatic glycogen stock. The different breastfeeding systems 630 did not influence the N-consumed, N-feces, N-urine, N-balance and N-retained (P> 0.0) 631 The supply of more milk (1.0 kg), in the morning shift provides better animal 632 performance, without altering the morphological characteristics of the digestive system. 633 However, the use of a smaller amount of milk (0.8 kg) in the afternoon shift, allows larger 634 areas of rumen absorption.
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FRANCINILDA ALVES DE SOUSA
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RUMINAL BIOHYDROGENATION AND MEAT QUALITY OF SHEEP FED DIETS CONTAINING DIFFERENT SOURCES OF CARBOHYDRATES AND RICH IN POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS
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Advisor : ARIOSVALDO NUNES DE MEDEIROS
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Date: Jan 20, 2021
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Time: 09:00
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Show Summary
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ruminal biohydrogenation, and meat quality of sheep fed diets containing different sources of carbohydrates rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Samples of ruminal, abomasal, and meat content of thirty male castrated lambs (20.5 ± 7.6 kg), with no defined racial pattern, were distributed in a completely randomized design under three experimental diets: High NFC diet (high proportion of non-fibrous carbohydrates); High NFC + spineless cactus diet (high proportion of non-fibrous carbohydrates and spineless cactus) and Low NFC diet (low proportion of non-fibrous carbohydrates), in a 60-day experimental period. The ruminal pH and short-chain fatty acid concentrations (SCFA) did not differ (P > 0.05) between diets. High NFC + Palm diet showed lower (P < 0.05) ruminal ammonia production, compared to the others. The High NFC + Palm diet showed the highest concentration (P < 0.05) of the total fatty acid (FA), AGC18, saturated fatty acids (SFA), 16: 0, 18: 0, c9-18: 1, c9, t11-CLA, and branched-chain AG (BCFA) for rumen content. In the abomasal content, the total concentrations of the biohydrogenation (BI), monounsaturated (MUFA) and trans-MUFA intermediates were significantly (P < 0.05) affected when using the spineless cactus in the High NFC diet. The Low NFC diet showed a higher estimate of biohydrogenation for c9-18:1, and a lower estimate of biohydrogenation for 18:3n-3 in the rumen and abomasum, respectively. The moisture and fat content of the meat were not affected (P> 0.05) by the types of diets offered to the animals. The physical characteristics of the meat, none of the variables evaluated were affected by the type of diet. There was no significant difference (P> 0.05) in the meat's antioxidant activity. The profile of single-chain saturated fatty acids in meat was not affected by the type of diet offered (P> 0.05). As for the saturated branched-chain fatty acids, we can see that the fatty acids, Iso-pentadecanoic (C15: 0 iso) and Iso-heptadecanoic (C17: 0 iso), were significantly higher in the meat of animals fed a Low NFC compared to animals fed a High NFC diet. High proportions of non-fibrous carbohydrates, regardless of the source, in diets rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, promote improvements in the composition of sheep meat.
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