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IASMIN FREITAS PIMENTEL PEQUENO
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Effect of carvacrol on virulence factors of candida albicans
strains isolated from the oral mucosa: in vitro study
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Data: 20/12/2024
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Hora: 14:00
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Oral candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by yeast.
genus Candida and, predominantly, by Candida albicans. This infection
mainly affects the mucous lining of the oral cavity, being commonly
observed in immunocompromised individuals. The standard therapeutic approach
involves the use of conventional antifungal agents, but the emergence of strains
resistant to available treatments, as well as high levels of toxicity
of these drugs have required the search for new treatment alternatives, as well as
such as understanding the influence of compounds on the virulence factors of these
pathogens. In this context, carvacrol, a phenolic monoterpene found in
essential oils of oregano and other plants existing in the Brazilian flora, have
stands out for its antimicrobial potential, also revealing a significant
antifungal. In view of this, this investigation aimed to understand the effect of carvacrol
on virulence factors of C. albicans strains isolated from the oral mucosa, whose
aspects analyzed focused on the capacity for morphogenesis and the
lipase production. The study involved the use of 13 strains of C. albicans collected from the oral mucosa of individuals with oral candidiasis and 1 standard strain
(ATCC 90028), which were subjected to experiments in the presence and
absence of carvacrol (MIC = 128 μg/mL). This compound was able to reduce
the emission of germ tubes in most strains (72.27% ± 14.2% for
13.97% ± 22.2%) and reduce filamentous forms (from IM= 2.9 to IM=1.9), as
that the most prevalent morphology without carvacrol consisted of pseudohyphae.
However, in the presence of the studied phytoconstituent, cells prevailed
spherical and elongated. Then, it was verified that the test compound
managed to significantly reduce (p < 0.05) hyphae length in all
the strains in which they persisted, as well as being able to prevent the formation of
filamentous colonies in all strains on solid medium. Finally, the
carvacrol proved to be efficient in inhibiting the production of lipases in all strains
studied. The action of carvacrol on the morphogenesis capacity of several
clinical isolates of C. albicans from the oral cavity have not been evaluated in
previous studies. By demonstrating the in vitro influence of carvacrol on two
important virulence factors of C. albicans, it can be considered that this
monoterpene should be treated as a promising component in the formulation of
new and efficient antifungal drugs, obviously requiring the
carrying out complementary clinical studies to prove its
low toxicity and its therapeutic efficacy in humans.
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LAYS NOBREGA GOMES
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MENOPAUSE ALTERS PSYCHOPHYSICAL MEASURES AND PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS IN WOMEN WITH PAINFUL TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DISORDER
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Orientador : YURI WANDERLEY CAVALCANTI
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Data: 20/12/2024
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Hora: 14:00
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The literature is scarce regarding the identification of the association between menopause and the presence of psychosocial alterations and symptoms of central sensitization in women with painful TMD. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association between menopause, psychosocial factors, and symptoms of central sensitization in these women. This thesis was divided into two work plans. Initially, the association between menopause with and without hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and chronic pain, mandibular functional limitation, anxiety, and depression in women with painful TMD was investigated. A second study was designed to evaluate the association of menopause with the presence of symptoms related to central sensitization, pressure pain threshold (PPT), and conditioned pain modulation (CPM) in this group of women. To this end, a cross-sectional study was conducted with 45 women, allocated into three groups: regular menstrual cycle (RC, n=15), menopause with HRT (MWHRT, n=16), and menopause without HRT (MWoHRT, n=14). The study participants underwent an initial interview to verify inclusion criteria. Subsequently, a clinical evaluation was performed using the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) to diagnose painful TMD. The following questionnaires were administered: Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI), Graded Chronic Pain Scale version 2 (GCPS-2), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), Jaw Functional Limitation Scale (JFLS-8), and Pain Catastrophizing Scale (B-PCS). Data were tabulated using Jamovi software, with descriptive analyses and ANOVA (analysis of variance) followed by MANOVA (multivariate analysis of variance). The significance level adopted for all analyses was 5%. The diagnosis of both articular and muscular TMD occurred predominantly in an overlapping manner among the evaluated women (n=31). The mean age of the participants was 50 years (± 13.7).
In Study 1, greater pain catastrophizing was observed in the MWoHRT group (p=0.009), while the MWHRT group had lower scores for pain interference (p<0.001), anxiety (p=0.012), and depression (p<0.001), with no differences in mandibular movements. In Study 2, the PPT was lower in the right and left masseter muscles in menopausal women (p=0.010). Pain modulation was impaired in the non-HRT group when assessing the right masseter (p=0.019), left masseter (p=0.005), and the non-dominant hand thenar eminence (p=0.046), as evidenced by pain facilitation. It can be concluded that menopausal women undergoing hormone replacement therapy presented lower scores for interference in daily activities, as well as reduced levels of depression, anxiety, and pain catastrophizing. Furthermore, these women demonstrated a higher pressure pain threshold, with no alterations in endogenous pain inhibitory control. Symptoms of central sensitization were similar among the groups.
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RÊNNIS OLIVEIRA DA SILVA
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INFLUENCE OF ECONOMIC AND RACIAL DISPARITIES ON ORAL
HEALTH: A COMPARATIVE AND INTERSECTIONAL ANALYSIS IN BRAZIL AND
COLOMBIA
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Data: 20/12/2024
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Hora: 08:30
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t: Latin America, with a history marked by socioeconomic and racial inequalities,
presents a context that fosters health inequities, exacerbated by the unequal distribution of
financial resources. These disparities are reflected in oral diseases, which are chronic,
progressive, and disproportionately affect individuals from lower socioeconomic sectors.
Understanding the relationships between race/color, economic status, and health is
essential to bridging gaps in care and promoting equity in oral health. In this context,
intersectionality provides a framework to analyze how social factors interact to generate
complex inequalities, offering a more comprehensive perspective on health experiences.
The general aim of this study is to investigate the influence of racial/color and income
inequalities on oral health outcomes from an intersectionality perspective in Brazil and Colombia. Study 1 aims to explore the effects of the intersectionality between race/color
and income on dental caries outcomes in Brazil and Colombia. Study 2 seeks to identify
whether there is an intersectionality between race/color and income in periodontal disease
among Brazilian and Colombian adults. Both studies are cross-sectional and were
conducted using data from the 2010 Brazilian National Oral Health Survey (SBBrasil 2010)
and the 2014 Colombian National Oral Health Survey (ENSAB-IV). In Study 1, untreated
caries outcomes were analyzed for children, adolescents, and young people, while tooth
loss outcomes were analyzed for adults and older adults. In Study 2, severe periodontal
disease outcomes were assessed for individuals aged 35-44 and 65-74 years.
Intersectionality was evaluated using the Relative Excess Risk due to Interaction (RERI).
Data were analyzed according to participants' race/color and income, with adjustments for
sex, age, and sampling weight. All analyses were performed using Stata 18 software. In
Study 1, for Brazil, a higher average number of decayed/missing teeth was observed in the
group with both exposure factors (race/color and income), with a sub-additive effect,
indicating independence in the influence of these factors. For Colombia, a similar scenario
was observed, except for tooth loss among older adults, where Afro-Colombians with lower
income had a lower average than the reference group. In Study 2, the RERI results were
non-significant, making it impossible to confirm the presence of an interaction between the
exposure variables. The prevalence data for severe periodontal disease varied depending
on race/color, income, age, and country, xi without representing a consistent pattern. In
conclusion, individuals of low income and mixed-race, Black, or Afro-Colombian
backgrounds generally exhibited poorer oral health. However, the exposure factors tended
to act independently, indicating a sub-additive effect.
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ALLESON JAMESSON DA SILVA
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OROFACIAL ANTINOCICEPTIVE EFFECT OF THE 2-AMINOTHIOPHENE DERIVATIVE 7CN03 AND ITS POSSIBLE TARGETS OF ACTION
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Data: 19/12/2024
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Hora: 10:00
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Orofacial pain impairs quality of life, and current therapies, limited in
efficacy and associated with adverse effects, drive the search for new treatments.
Thiophene derivatives exhibit remarkable therapeutic properties, including
antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities, with recent studies demonstrating
superior activity compared to commercial drugs, highlighting their relevance in the
design of novel agents. This study investigated the antinociceptive effect of the
thiophene derivative 2-[(4-diethylamino-benzylidene)-amino]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4Hcyclohepta[b]thiophene-3-carbonitrile (7CN03) and its possible mechanisms of
action. In vivo tests were performed on male mice (n = 6 per group), with
nociception induced by formalin, capsaicin, and glutamate one hour after
treatment. Facial rubbing was used as a parameter to measure nociceptive
behavior. At different doses (1 mg/kg, 0.1 mg/kg, 0.01 mg/kg), 7CN03 exhibited
significant action during the neurogenic phase of the formalin test, reducing
nociceptive behavior by up to 56%. During the inflammatory phase, the 1 mg/kg
dose exerted an antinociceptive effect, reducing nociceptive behavior by 32% (p <0.05). In the glutamate test, 7CN03 blocked nociception by up to 90% (p < 0.001),
and in the capsaicin test, it reduced nociceptive behavior by up to 74%. Molecular
docking studies predicted higher binding affinity of 7CN03 for µ-opioid (-97.00
Kcal/mol), TRPV1 (-87.79 Kcal/mol), and NMDA (-104.86 Kcal/mol) receptors
when compared with the cocrystallized ligands. The findings suggest that the
evaluated thiophene derivative exhibits an orofacial antinociceptive effect, with a
predicted mechanism of action involving opioid, transient vanilloid potential, and
glutamatergic receptors.
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PAULA MARIA MARACAJÁ BEZERRA
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Development and Implementation of a Dental Telemonitoring
Program for Pediatric Oncology Patients
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Data: 18/12/2024
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Hora: 14:00
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Mostrar Resumo
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Oral health surveillance in pediatric oncology patients is crucial for the early
diagnosis of associated comorbidities. However, the physical distance between
healthcare professionals and patients can pose significant challenges to clinical
care. In this context, telemonitoring emerges as a promising strategy to ensure
continuity of care and adequate monitoring of these patients' oral conditions. This
study aimed to develop and implement a Pediatric Dental Telemonitoring application
for an Oncology service TON. The methodology was divided into two stages:
mobile application development and implementation analysis. The application
development followed a Design Thinking approach in three stages: immersion,
ideation, and prototyping. During the immersion phase, a panel of experts identified
key gaps in in-person dental care for pediatric oncology patients and explored the
target audience's profile. In the ideation phase, four main remote solutions were
proposed: remote examination, oral hygiene diary, health education, and instant chat. These solutions were realized in the prototyping phase, featuring a simplified
navigation flow and a visual identity designed to inspire user confidence.The
implementation process was evaluated using the RE-AIM theoretical framework,
focusing on the effectiveness (E) and adoption (A) dimensions. Effectiveness was
assessed through a diagnostic accuracy study, comparing remote oral mucosa
examinations performed via TON by three evaluators with in-person clinical
examinations (diagnostic reference) for outcomes of oral mucositis (OM) and severe
oral mucositis (SOM). Oral mucosa clinical examinations by site were the studys
sampling units (n=120). Accuracy parameters and Kappa coefficients were
calculated for each outcome (α=5%). Adoption at the collective level was assessed
through a mixed-methods usability study, employing a parallel convergent approach
with equal weight given to the quantitative phase, using the System Usability Scale
(SUS), and the qualitative phase, employing a semi-structured interview guide. Data
collection for the qualitative phase continued until theoretical saturation (n=14), while
the quantitative phase used a non-probabilistic convenience sample (n=20). Data
analysis integrated inferential statistics, including correlation tests and the MannWhitney U test (α=5%), with Bardin's content analysis technique. Remote mucosa
examination demonstrated satisfactory accuracy for SOM diagnosis by all three
evaluators: sensitivity of 100%; specificity above 92.3%; and accuracy ranging from
92.5% to 97.5%. For OM detection, test performance was lower, with sensitivity
ranging from 25% to 45%, specificity from 85% to 98%, and accuracy from 78% to
85.8%. The overall performance of remote examinations, assessed by combining
results from the three evaluators and consolidating OM and SOM into a single clinical
outcome, showed limited discriminatory capacity, with an AUC of 0.60, accuracy of
82.7%, sensitivity of 36.6%, and specificity of 92%. Regarding intervention adoption,
the average usability score of TON was 86.6 (±10.4). The 14 interviews revealed
that users recognize TONs utility, citing its user-friendly interface, professional
support, and data security as facilitators. However, they noted technical issues,
caregivers' demanding routines, and children's lack of cooperation during
examinations as barriers. Suggestions for improvement included notifications,
gamification, and video calling. The TON application represents an advancement in pediatric oncology dental care, providing an implementable and well-accepted
solution with the potential to aid in identifying oral mucosa alterations, particularly
SOM lesions, in children and adolescents undergoing cancer treatment.
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DANIELLE DA SILVA GUIMARÃES
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DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF RINSES WITH
ASSOCIATION OF GINGER EXTRACT (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) AND SODIUM
FLUORIDE: In vitro studies
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Data: 18/12/2024
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Hora: 08:30
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The objective of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical stability of sodium
fluoride (NaF) in mouthwashes containing natural products commercially sold by
Água Rabelo® and their antimicrobial activity, aiming to develop a pharmaceutical
formulation of a mouthwash for the reduction of biofilm and control of white spot
lesions in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. This is an in vitro experimental
laboratory study. The following parameters were analyzed: pH, fluoride
concentration, turbidity/phase formation, and color change. Solutions containing
Água Rabelo® Traditional, ginger, and Zingiber officinale extract (ginger) were
prepared, adjusted to contain 225 ppm of fluoride. The final volume of each solution
was made up to 50 mL with deionized water, ensuring the standardization and purity
of the medium. pH and fluoride concentration analyses were performed through
potentiometry. The samples were stored for 3 months at room temperature, 37°C,
and 45°C for accelerated aging. The results showed that the commercial
mouthwashes exhibited variation over the weeks and temperatures, with higher availability of free fluoride ranging from 362.64 to 278.44 ppm F in Água Rabelo®
Traditional at 37°C (week 9). For the Z. officinale extract, fluoride concentration
ranged from 176.41 to 122.01 ppm F at room temperature (week 9), as well as a
variation in pH at different temperatures over time, especially with an acidic trend,
which was more pronounced at 37°C from week 5 onward. Therefore, we can
conclude that the strategic incorporation of fluoride is crucial to achieving optimal
concentrations that promote dental remineralization and exhibit antimicrobial action.
However, it is essential to identify and eliminate compounds that sequester fluoride
in mouthwashes.
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KAUANA DA SILVA ANDRADE
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Oral health literacy of caregivers of children and adolescents with
cancer
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Data: 18/12/2024
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Hora: 08:30
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Mostrar Resumo
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Oral health is essential for the care of children and adolescents undergoing
cancer treatment, since antineoplastic therapies often result in complications that
impact patients' quality of life. In this context, caregivers become crucial agents,
since they assume daily care and oral health decisions. Therefore, this study aimed
to investigate the level of Oral Health Literacy (OHL) of caregivers of children and
adolescents with cancer and to understand their perceptions about oral health and
dental services. To this end, two work plans were developed. The first plan refers to
a cross-sectional, mixed-methods study with caregivers of patients treated at a
referral oncology hospital in Northeastern Brazil. In the quantitative stage,
sociodemographic data were collected and the Health Literacy in Dentistry (HeLD14) was applied, which assessed OHL through seven domains. Associations were
performed using the chi-square and Fisher's exact tests, followed by binary logistic
regressions to verify the associations of contextual variables with each HeLD-14
domain, adopting p<0.05 as the significance level. In the qualitative stage, interviews
were conducted to deepen perceptions about oral health, which were interpreted by
content analysis. The convergent parallel design strategy by comparison was used
and the data were presented through speaking tables. The results of the first plan
indicated that most guardians were the mothers of the patients (85.5%) and
presented high literacy (74.5%), in line with the qualitative perceptions explored in
the second plan. Children and adolescents with lower frequency of dental
appointments are those whose guardians have lower chances of accessing dental
services (OR=0.205; p=0.027). Guardians with low education levels are less likely to
understand information about oral health compared to those with high education
levels (OR=0.033; p=0.015). The frequency with which pediatric patients are taken
to dental appointments was associated with economic barriers (OR=0.103;
p=0.016). Furthermore, guardians who have never taken their children and
adolescents to the dentist or who have done so only once are less likely to use the
information provided by professionals (OR=0.147; p=0.035). The second plan
sought to understand the perceptions of guardians about oral health and access to dental services through a qualitative approach. Statements emerged that highlighted
emotional overload, practical difficulties faced in care, and inequalities in access to
dental services. Therefore, it is observed that, although the level of OHL of guardians
was high, sociodemographic barriers limited access to public dental services and the
use of information about oral health in routine. These difficulties compromise the
comprehensive care necessary to minimize the impacts of oral complications in
cancer treatment. The relevance of public policies aimed at equity in access to dental
services and educational strategies that train those responsible, promoting better
outcomes for pediatric oncology patients and their families, is highlighted.
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HELOÍSA DE ALMEIDA FERREIRA
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In vitro Comparative Analysis of the Radiopacity and Surface
Roughness of Bulk-Fill and Monochromatic Composite Resins after Simulated
Toothbrushing
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Data: 18/12/2024
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Hora: 08:00
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Mostrar Resumo
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In recent years, bulk fill and monochromatic composite resins have stood
out for introducing promising innovations in dental practice. The study of their
properties reflects the ongoing effort to enhance and simplify their clinical handling.
To ensure the success of restorations and patient satisfaction, it is essential that
material selection is meticulous, with special attention to properties such as
radiopacity and surface roughness, which are crucial for informed clinical decisions
by dentists. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the radiopacity and surface
roughness of bulk fill and monochromatic composite resins compared to a
conventional composite resin. Four composite resins were tested (two bulk fill:
Filtek One Bulk Fill and Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill; and two monochromatic: Vittra
APS Unique and Palfique Omnichroma) and compared to the conventional resin
Filtek Z350 XT (control). Ten specimens (5 mm in diameter and 2 mm thick) were
fabricated for each resin. Surface roughness was assessed using a 3D Optical
Profilometer (Talysurf CCI MP, Leicester, UK), and radiopacity was measured with
an intraoral radiography device (FOCUS 50540-IMG, Kavo, Potsdam, Germany) at
three exposure times (0.20s, 0.32s, and 0.4s), with grayscale analysis of the digital
images performed using Image J software. After initial measurements (T0), the
samples underwent 50,000 cycles of simulated brushing, equivalent to 4 years of
clinical use, and the measurements were repeated (T1). Statistical analysis used
descriptive and non-parametric tests due to the non-normal data distribution,
identified by the Shapiro-Wilk test. A significance level of 5%, a 95% confidence
interval, and an 80% statistical power were adopted, using SPSS 20.0 software. At
T0, significant differences were observed among the resins (p<0.05), with
monochromatic resins showing lower surface roughness. All resins, except Tetric
N-Ceram Bulk Fill (p>0.05), showed a significant increase in roughness after
simulated brushing (p<0.05). However, all evaluated groups presented similar
surface roughness values at T1 (p>0.05). Regarding radiopacity, at T0, the resins
showed higher radiopacity at the shortest exposure time (0.2s), with significant differences among times and resins (p<0.001). At T1, no significant differences
were observed regardless of time and material (p>0.05). It is concluded that
monochromatic resins initially exhibited smoother surfaces; however, after
simulated brushing, all resins showed an increase in roughness, except for Tetric
N-Ceram Bulk Fill. The radiopacity of the composite resins showed higher initial
values at the shortest exposure time (0.2 s), influenced by both the exposure time
and the type of material. Tetric N Ceram Bulk Fill stood out for exhibiting the
highest radiopacity, while Palfique Omnichroma displayed the lowest radiopacity
values across all evaluated periods. After simulated brushing, all resins
demonstrated similar roughness and radiopacity
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ELIZABETH BARRETO GALVÃO DE SOUSA
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REMINERALIZING POTENTIAL OF TOOTHPASTES WITH
REFIX ® TECHNOLOGY ON ERODED ENAMEL: AN IN VITRO STUDY
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Data: 11/12/2024
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Hora: 09:00
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Mostrar Resumo
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Introduction: Dental erosion is a chronic non-bacterial disease caused by
continuous exposure to acidic substances, leading to progressive loss of dental
structure. With increasing prevalence and a negative impact on aesthetics and
function, its worsening may occur with abrasion and attrition. REFIX® technology,
containing tetrasodium pyrophosphate and silica, emerges as a promising therapeutic alternative, promoting remineralization and reducing dental solubility.
Thus, the addition of compounds to fluoride or its replacement with alternatives in
toothpaste shows potential for the remineralization of dental erosion
lesions.Objectives: To evaluate the impact of toothpastes with REFIX® technology,
containing different fluoride concentrations, on the surface microhardness and
mineral gain of eroded enamel surfaces.Materials and Methods: Sixty enamel
blocks were randomly divided into five groups (n=12/group): RGS1 (REFIX®
toothpaste with 1450 ppm fluoride), RGS2 (REFIX® toothpaste with 1100 ppm
fluoride), RGS3 (REFIX® toothpaste without fluoride), negative control - NC
(toothpaste without fluoride and without REFIX®), and positive control - PC
(toothpaste with 1100 ppm fluoride, without REFIX®). The enamel blocks were
divided into three sections: sound (untreated), eroded (demineralized lesion), and
treated (erosive lesion subjected to pH cycling with toothpaste). Samples underwent
a pH cycling model for 5 days. The erosive challenge was performed 4 times daily
(90 s), and after the first and last cycles, the samples were treated with toothpaste
suspensions (1:3) for 2 minutes using a standardized brushing machine.Surface
microhardness was measured in the sound (SH0), eroded (SH1), and toothpastetreated areas (SH2), and the percentage change in surface microhardness
(%SMHC) was calculated. After treatment, mineral gain was measured using
Quantitative Light-Induced Fluorescence (QLF) between ΔF0 (sound-eroded area)
and ΔF1 (sound-treated area). Mineral fluorescence gain (ΔFg) was calculated as
the difference between ΔF1 and ΔF0. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA
followed by Tukeys test (p<0.05).Results: All toothpastes significantly impacted
enamel surfaces. Toothpastes with REFIX® technology were more effective in
increasing surface microhardness and mineral gain after treatment (p<0.05). The
%SMHC ranking was: RGS2 > RGS1 > RGS3 = PC > NC. The fluorescence gain
ranking (ΔFdif) was: RGS2 = RGS1 = RGS3 > PC > NC. The NC group showed a
loss of surface hardness and mineral fluorescence after treatment, demonstrating
no effectiveness in mineral gain or surface hardness improvement.Conclusion:
Toothpastes with REFIX® technology demonstrated superior activity in improving
surface hardness and mineral gain after treating eroded enamel.
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CHAHIRA TAHA MAHD IBRAHIM ISSA
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EVALUATION OF THE ANXIETY COMPONENT IN PATIENTS
WITH TEMPOROMANDIBULAR MUSCLE DYSFUNCTION SUBMITTED TO
TREATMENT WITH A FULL SPECTRUM CANNABIS OIL: Randomized, doubleblind, placebo-controlled clinical trial and in silico study
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Data: 11/12/2024
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Hora: 08:00
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Mostrar Resumo
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Introduction: Temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) is the second most
common chronic musculoskeletal pain disorder worldwide. It impairs quality of life and is often associated with anxiety. Available pharmacological treatment causes
significant adverse effects and little therapeutic efficacy. Cannabis has become a
promising and safe therapeutic alternative with a mild side effect profile. Objective:
to evaluate the action of a full spectrum Cannabis oil on the anxiety component in
patients with TMD and orofacial pain. Methodology: The phytochemical analysis of
the full spectrum Cannabis oil was previously performed. This is a randomized,
double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial involving 10 female participants, aged
between 26 and 53 years, randomized into two groups, experimental and placebo.
The intervention period was 60 days, and data were collected on anthropometric
measurements, vital signs, and anxiety assessment through the IDATE
questionnaire and emotional state assessment. Molecular docking simulation was
used to investigate possible mechanisms that may contribute to the anxiolytic action
of THC and CBD compounds through the binding affinity between them and the
targets: RCB1, RCB2, GPR55 and 5HT1A. Results: The concentration found in the
phytochemical analysis was THC: 22.49% and CBD: 21.28%. Anthropometric
measurements and vital signs did not undergo statistically significant changes. In the
STAI evaluation, there was a significant reduction in trait anxiety (p<0.02) in the
placebo group. On the other hand, there was a decrease in self-reported anxiety in
40% of the participants in the experimental group and 60% of them felt calmer after
using Cannabis oil. Side effects were present in both groups, but with greater
frequency and intensity in the experimental group, when compared to placebo,
drowsiness was the most frequent. Molecular docking analysis showed negative
binding energy values between CBD and THC and the selected molecular targets.
When compared to each other, THC showed greater affinity with the CB1, CB2 and
5HT1A receptors, while CBD showed a more negative value in the interaction with
the GPR55 receptor. Conclusions: Full spectrum cannabis oil, when used for a
period of 60 days, did not promote changes in anthropometric parameters, vital signs
and anxiety in people diagnosed with temporomandibular dysfunction and orofacial
pain. The in silico prediction model indicates that, in addition to the cannabinoid
receptors, the 5-HT1A receptor is involved in the effect produced by the main
compounds of the product tested, THC and CBD.
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MARIANGELA DE ARAUJO BARBOSA
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USE OF FLOW RESIN IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PALATAL
WOUND AFTER REMOVAL OF FREE GINGIVAL GRAFT FOR PAIN
MODULATION AND POST-OPERATIVE HEALING: DOUBLE BLIND
RANDOMIZED CLINICAL
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Orientador : RICARDO DIAS DE CASTRO
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Data: 10/12/2024
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Hora: 08:00
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Mostrar Resumo
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This study tested the hypothesis that sealing a hemostatic sponge with
flowable resin is effective in controlling pain and promoting healing at the palatal
donor site following FGG harvesting. The objective was to evaluate pain perception
and donor site healing in patients treated with a sutured collagen sponge compared
to those treated with a sutured collagen sponge sealed with flowable resin. A dobleblind randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted with forty- nine patients
undergoing FGG surgery, divided into two groups: control (n=25) and flowable resin
(n=24). Pain was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS) on postoperative days
1 to 7, 14, 21, and 30. Healing was evaluated through photographic analysis of the
remaining wound area (RWA), Early Healing Index (EHI), and epithelial integrity
using the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) test on days 7, 14, 21, and 30. Analgesic
consumption and the occurrence of delayed bleeding were also recorded. Statistical
analysis included descriptive and inferential methods, with a significance level of 5%.
The use of flowable resin significantly reduced postoperative pain, providing greater
comfort to patients. No significant differences were observed between the groups
concerning RWA at all evaluation time points. The H2O2 test indicated that both
groups achieved palatal epithelial integrity by the 21st postoperative day. Sealing
with flowable resin proved effective in controlling postoperative pain without
interfering with the palatal wound healing process. Proper management of the free
gingival graft donor site, including the use of flowable resin, can enhance
postoperative patient comfort, reduce pain, and facilitate treatment acceptance.
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JOSÉ IURY BRAGA BEZERRA
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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN QUALITY OF LIFE AND WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR DENTAL PROCEDURES
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Data: 29/11/2024
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Hora: 14:00
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Mostrar Resumo
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Willingness to Pay (WTP) is one of the methods used to assess health valuation,
referring to the process of assigning value, whether economic and/or social, to aspects related
to health. This can involve evaluating the economic impact of health interventions, as well
as the value attributed to people's health and well-being. Quality of life is directly related to
oral health status, and dental issues can significantly affect a persons physical and
psychological well-being. In this regard, this dissertation aims to analyze the relationship
between oral health-related quality of life and the willingness to pay (WTP) for dental
procedures. This is an observational, cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study
including individuals from any Brazilian locality, of both sexes, aged 18 and over. Data
collection was conducted through digital forms on the Google Workspace platform (Google
Forms), with questions on socioeconomic profile, quality of life, and willingness to pay for
dental procedures. Initially, a descriptive data analysis was performed to obtain the absolute
frequency of variables, median, and interquartile range (25th and 75th percentiles). Next, a
multivariate linear regression was conducted to identify the strength of association between
variables. The dependent variable was WTP for an emergency treatment (pain relief) with
endodontics and WTP for an emergency treatment (pain relief) with extraction. Independent
variables included family income, education level, respondent profile, gender, and OHIP, which were added as adjustment variables in the multivariate model. After bivariate analysis,
variables with p < 0.20 were included in the initial model. The sample consisted of a total of
438 individuals, aged between 18 and 79. The analysis showed that OHIP did not impact
WTP for emergency endodontic treatments. While OHIP had an impact in the bivariate
analysis (p=0.002), it lost significance in the adjusted model. When evaluating the
willingness to pay for emergency extraction treatments, the analysis showed that OHIP did
not impact WTP; it was relevant in the bivariate analysis (p<0.001), but its influence was
attenuated in the adjusted model. Therefore, the impact of OHIP suggests that, although oral
health affects quality of life, this perception alone is not sufficient to significantly alter WTP.
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BEATRIZ MARIA DA SILVA
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PHYSICAL-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND MICROBIOLOGICAL ADHESION OF RESIN FOR 3D PRINTING OF TOTAL PROSTHESIS BASES AND TEETH
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Data: 27/11/2024
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Hora: 08:30
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Mostrar Resumo
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Introduction: Three-dimensional printing has been gaining prominence in dentistry, offering a variety of benefits. Currently, for the manufacture of removable total dentures, the material of choice is polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). But with the advent of digital flow, a lightweight, thermopolymerizable polymer is processed by stratification and curing, presenting advantages in clinical practice. Thus, it is essential to know the physical, mechanical and biological properties of these materials for greater predictability and applicability. Objective: To evaluate flexural strength, topography, surface roughness, Vickers hardness, porosity and microbiological adhesion. Method: A total of 34 specimens were made in bars (25 x 2 x 2 mm) and blocks (8 x 8 x 2 mm), divided into four groups: conventional acrylic resin for prosthesis base (RC), resin for base 3D printing (IR), 3D printed tooth (DI) and prefabricated tooth (DP). The bars were submitted to the mini flexural strength test, and the blocks were analyzed for roughness (Ra/Rq/Rz), microhardness, porosity and microbiological adhesion. Descriptive analysis and the Shapiro-Wilk normality test were performed, followed by the Mann-Whitney U test or Student's t-test. Results: The IR (0.91%) and DI(0.24%) groups showed lower porosity, with a significant difference in relation to the conventional groups (p=0.047 and p=0.004, respectively). Microbiological adhesion showed a lower number of colonies for the IR group (CFU/mL: 6.8) with p=0.01. There was no statistically significant difference between CR and IR for roughness, mini flexural strength and microhardness, nor between DP and DI for microhardness and microbiological adhesion. Conclusion: The printed resin used for the base of the prosthesis showed surface and mechanical properties similarto conventional materials for roughness, flexural strength and hardness, a lower percentage of porosity and lower biofilm formation of Candida Albicans. For the groups of teeth, the printed resin showed similar properties for hardness and microbiological adhesion and a lower percentage of porosity.
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MARIA LUIZA LIMA ALVES
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Interactions between mental disorders, sleep disorders and chronic oral diseases: an approach based on common risk factors.
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Orientador : FREDERICO BARBOSA DE SOUSA
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Data: 31/10/2024
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Hora: 07:00
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Mostrar Resumo
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Introduction: Mental disorders, such as caries and periodontitis, are responsible for significantly increasing the burden of disease worldwide. The association between mental disorders and chronic oral diseases (caries and periodontal disease and, consequently, tooth loss) has been the focus of recent studies. Mental disorders and sleep disorders have a close cause-and-effect relationship, however, the association between them has been investigated in a fragmented way, as with oral diseases. In a timeline, mental disorders and sleep may be driven by risk exposures common to chronic oral diseases. Objective: To investigate the interrelationship between mental disorders and sleep and chronic oral diseases considering exposure to common risk factors, such as socioeconomic status, smoking, high alcohol consumption, and high consumption of added sugar. Methodology: A cross-sectional study used data from the 2015-2020 United States Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Participants aged 30 to 59 years who underwent a complete dental examination and answered questionnaires assessing sleep quality and depression, with no missing data on any variable of interest eligible for this study (n = 8,643) were included. The following latent variables were defined through exploratory factor analysis: mental and sleep disorders (composed of the variables: having little interest in doing things, feeling down, depressed or hopeless, difficulty concentrating, trouble sleeping, and excessive daytime sleepiness), burden of chronic oral disease (COD) (composed of the variables: caries, missing teeth, and periodontal disease) and socioeconomic status (composed of the variables: poverty rate and years of education). The associations of interest between mental and sleep disorders and COD were evaluated through structural equation modeling, estimating factor loadings (PC), standard error (SE), and p-value. The model was adjusted for sex, age, smoking, alcohol consumption, sugar intake, obesity variables, and latent socioeconomic status. Sensitivity analyses by age subgroups (30-39; 40-49; 50-59) and by sex were performed. Results: Worse socioeconomic status (CP = 0.130, SE = 0.033, p < 0.001), smoking (CP = 0.212, SE = 0.023, p < 0.001), and higher sugar intake (CP = 0.067, SE = 0.015, p < 0.001) were directly associated with mental health. These same factors were also associated with CDBC, worse socioeconomic status (CP = 0.804, EP = 0.071, p < 0.001), smoking (CP = 0.241, EP = 0.031, p < 0.001), and higher sugar consumption (CP = 0.054, EP = 0.023, p = 0.018). The mental health variable showed a direct association (CP = 0.095, EP = 0.033, p = 0.004) and indirect association via socioeconomic status (CP = 0.012, EP = 0.005, p = 0.01), via smoking (CP = 0.020, EP = 0.007, p = 0.005) and via high sugar intake (CP = 0.006, EP = 0.002, p = 0.006) with CDBC. Sensitivity analyses indicated that the associations between mental health and CDBC were maintained in the age groups of 30-39 and 40-49 years (p < 0.05), being limiting in the age group of 50-59 years (p = 0.05). Conclusion: Mental disorders and sleep disorders are directly associated with chronic oral diseases. This relationship tends to worsen with the restriction of socioeconomic status, as well as with the increase in tobacco and sugar consumption. Therefore, it is feasible to consider an integrated strategy to address these conditions, based on the analysis of common risk factors.
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CAMILA MENDES SOARES
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IN VITRO ACTIVITY OF (-)-MYRTENOL ON VIRULENCE FACTORS OF
Candida albicans ISOLATED FROM THE ORAL CAVITY
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Data: 03/10/2024
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Hora: 14:00
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Mostrar Resumo
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Candida albicans is a polymorphic yeast found in different anatomical sites of the human
being such as the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract and vaginal mucosa. This species is the most
virulent and prevalent in different types of candidiasis, such as oral candidiasis. However, in
conditions such as immunosuppression, combined with the species' virulence factors, facilitate the
establishment and maintenance of infection. There are several studies focused on obtaining
bioactive compounds with antifungal action, but few are directed toward application in virulence
factors. This study aims to evaluate the effect of (-)- myrtenol on the virulence factors of Candida
albicans. Fourteen strains of C. albicans were used, including 13 isolated from the oral mucosa of
patients with oral candidiasis and 1 reference strain (ATCC 90028). The virulence factors
investigated were morphogenesis, lipase production, and biofilm formation. All assays were
conducted in the absence and presence of (-)-myrtenol, using a minimum inhibitory concentration
(MIC) of 256 μg/mL. The compound's effect was observed under all tested conditions, interfering
with the expression of virulence factors: delayed germ tube formation (52% ± 10% vs. 28% ± 15%),
reduced filamentation capacity (3.10 ± 0.46 vs. 2.58 ± 0.64) in liquid and solid media, and hyphal
length (92.09 ± 21.34 vs. 77.42 ± 17.56), as well as biofilm formation (0.18 ± 0.13 vs. 0.10 ± 0.10).
(-)-Myrtenol also prevented lipase production and secretion. The virulence factors expressed by
Candida albicans contribute to a higher rate of infections and consequently to morbidity and
mortality. Additionally, the increasing emergence of strains exhibiting antifungal resistance
highlights the need for new therapeutic resources that can inhibit the growth of this microorganism
and attenuate virulence mechanisms. Given that therapeutic options for treating fungal infections
are more limited, (-)-myrtenol shows strong potential as a compound for the treatment of
candidiasis.
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ALYSSON VINICIUS PORTO FERREIRA
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Effects of a 5-year simulated immersion in cinnamaldehyde on
the surface roughness of a Co-Cr alloy for removable partial dentures.
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Orientador : ANDRE ULISSES DANTAS BATISTA
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Data: 26/09/2024
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Hora: 08:30
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Mostrar Resumo
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Cinnamaldehyde is a phytoconstituent that has emerged as an
alternative for disinfecting dentures due to its antimicrobial action. However, its
potential deleterious effects on the roughness of Co-Cr alloy used in removable
partial dentures are not yet known. The objective of this in vitro study was to
evaluate the effect of cinnamaldehyde on the surface roughness and chemical
composition of the Co-Cr alloy over a simulated period of up to 5 years of
immersion (1825 immersion cycles). Forty-eight Co-Cr alloy disk-shaped
specimens (Ø10×2-mm) were cast from 3D-printed patterns in burnable resin,
finished, polished, and immersed in four solution groups (n=11): tap water (TW),
sodium hypochlorite (HS - NaOCl 0.5%), alkaline peroxide (PA), and
cinnamaldehyde (CA 27µg/mL). The surface roughness (Sa - μm) of the specimens was assessed using an optical profilometer (CCI MP; Taylor Hobson)
before immersion at the start of the study (baseline, time=0) and after the
simulated periods of 365 cycles (1 year), 730 cycles (2 years), 1095 cycles (3
years), 1460 cycles (4 years), and 1825 immersion cycles (5 years). Data were
analyzed using two-way repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test
( =0.05) in Jamovi software (v. 2.3). The factors Time (p<0.001) and Group
(p=0.015) were significant concerning Sa roughness. Regarding Time, Sa
roughness significantly increased compared to the baseline after the 2nd year
(p=0.003). Concerning the substances, the CA group showed the lowest average
Sa roughness values (0.066 μm ± 0.021), with a significant difference (p=0.01)
compared to the SH group, which had the highest values (0.077 μm ± 0.045). All
groups showed increased mean surface roughness by the end of the simulated
period, but the values remained below the clinically significant threshold for biofilm
accumulation (0.2 μm). It is concluded that the cinnamaldehyde solution (27µg)
caused minor changes in the surface roughness (Sa) parameters of the Co-Cr
alloy, lower than those of 0.5% sodium hypochlorite, similar to alkaline peroxide,
and below the clinically significant threshold after the simulated 5-year period.
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LAIS GUEDES ALCOFORADO DE CARVALHO
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Evaluation of the antifungal activity, physical and surface
properties of heat-curing acrylic resin incorporated with silver nanoparticles
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Orientador : LUCIO ROBERTO CANCADO CASTELLANO
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Data: 12/09/2024
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Hora: 08:30
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Mostrar Resumo
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Statement of the Problem: Poly(methyl) methacrylate is the main
constituent of acrylic resins used to make dental prostheses. Its surface allows
greater adherence of biofilm, facilitating the development of fungal infections Objective: To verify the antifungal action of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) and silver
nitrate (AgNO3) incorporated into thermally activated acrylic resin and to analyze
their physical and surface properties. Materials and Methods: An in vitro, laboratory
and analytical study was carried out. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the
nanoparticles and silver salt evaluated was established: AgNP (0.1 µg/mLL), AgNO3
(0.26 µg/m) and Nystatin (positive control) (0.75 µg/mL). Thermopolymerizable
acrylic resin specimens were made, establishing four groups, without incorporation
of silver nanoparticles (control), with incorporation of 4% and 8% AgNP, and 8%
AgNO3, totaling n=10 per group. After establishing the normality of the data, ANOVA
(for microhardness analysis), Tukey (roughness) and Dunnet tests (fungal adhesion
inhibition test) were carried out. Results: The incorporation of silver nanoparticles
resulted in a greater reduction in the CFU/mL of the C. albicans biofilm compared to
the control group specimens within 48 hours (p<0.05). There was a slight
improvement in roughness for the group incorporating 4% silver nanoparticles (0.050
µm + 0.05). In terms of color analysis, there was a change in the *a parameter (redgreen chroma) only between the 4% AgNP experimental groups (p=0.021). No
difference was observed between the groups in the analysis of microhardness,
hydrophobicity and in the CIELab and CIEDE 2000 classification system (p>0.05).
Conclusions: Silver nanoparticles reduced C albicans biofilm adhesion without
altering the material's surface roughness, microhardness, color and hydrophobicity.
Surface analysis (SEM) identified particles that were mostly spherical in shape,
measuring between 20-50 µm. It is suggested that randomized controlled clinical
trials be carried out using the test solution to verify its applicability in vivo.
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PALLOMA CHRISTINE QUEIROGA GOMES DA COSTA
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BIOACTIVE POTENTIAL OF Eugenia luschnathiana
EXTRACTS: CHEMICAL PROFILING, ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY, AND TOXICITY
EVALUATION
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Data: 03/09/2024
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Hora: 09:00
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Mostrar Resumo
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Introduction: The therapeutic options available for managing patients
with fungal infections, including those affecting the oral cavity, are limited by
adverse effects and the emergence of resistant pathogens. Vulnerable populations, such as hospitalized or immunosuppressed individuals, are most affected by these
infections. Advances in developing new effective and less toxic medications are
crucial for treating fungal infections. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the
phytochemical profile, antifungal activity of the essential oil (EO), and crude
ethanolic extract (CEE) obtained from Eugenia luschnathiana and perform
toxicological characterization. Methodology: Determination of the phytochemical
profile using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and 1H Nuclear
Magnetic Resonance (NMR); determination of the Minimum Inhibitory
Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) against
reference strains (C. albicans ATCC 76645 e C. albicans ATCC 90028) and
clinical isolates of Candida from patients undergoing oncological treatment;
evaluation of potential mechanisms of action; evaluation of activity on fungal
biofilm; evaluation of cytotoxic effect on human keratinocytes of the HaCat lineage
by the MTT method; determination of lethality for Artemia salina larvae. Results:
The predominant compounds in the essential oil, identified by GC-MS, belong to
the sesquiterpenes class, with (E)-Caryophyllene being the major compound. In
the crude ethanolic extract, the 1H NMR spectrum identified aliphatic, osidic, and
aromatic compounds. From the assays conducted, the essential oil, at the tested
concentrations, did not show antifungal activity. The ethanolic extract showed
fungicidal activity, with MIC and MFC ranging from 1.95 µg/mL to 3.90 µg/mL for
the tested strains, possibly acting on the structures of the fungal cell wall. At a low
concentration (19.5 µg/mL), the ethanolic extract inhibited 62.78% of the biofilm of
Candida albicans. The ethanolic extract showed an inhibition of less than 25% on
keratinocytes at concentrations lower than the MICx20 (39 µg/mL) and an Lethal
Concentration 50 (LC50) for A. salina of 142.4 µg/mL Conclusion: The CEE
exhibited very strong antifungal activity, with a probable action on the cell wall,
effect on biofilm, and a toxicity profile compatible with further investigations. The
data obtained from this study may stimulate the development of new antifungal
medications for treating candidiasis with possible new mechanisms of action,
expanding the current arsenal of antifungals.
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JOSE KLINDERBERG DE OLIVEIRA JUNIOR
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EVALUATION OF THE ANTIFUNGAL, CYTOTOXIC AND MUTAGENIC
ACTIVITIES OF GERANIOL AGAINST CANDIDA SPP SPECIES. ISOLATED FROM A
PATIENT WITH PROSTHETIC STOMATITIS: AN IN SILICO AND IN VITRO ANALYSIS
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Data: 30/08/2024
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Hora: 08:00
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Mostrar Resumo
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Introduction: Denture stomatitis is a common inflammatory condition in denture
wearers, frequently associated with infections by multidrug-resistant Candida species.
Geraniol, a monoterpene found in the essential oils of various plants, has demonstrated
promising antifungal properties for the treatment of these infections. Objective: To evaluate
the antifungal activities of geraniol against Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis
species, investigate its mechanisms of action, conduct combination assays with nystatin
and miconazole, and assess its cytotoxicity in blood cells, mutagenicity, and in silico
studies through molecular docking. Methodology: The antifungal activity of geraniol was
evaluated through Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal
Concentration (MFC) assays using the broth microdilution method, as recommended by
the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Sorbitol and ergosterol assays were performed to understand the mechanisms of action of geraniol. In sorbitol assays, the
change in MIC was evaluated in the presence of 0.8 M sorbitol. In ergosterol assays, the
MIC was determined in the presence of 400 µg/mL of exogenous ergosterol. Combination
studies with nystatin and miconazole were conducted using the checkerboard technique to
determine Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Indices (FICIs). Cytotoxicity was evaluated in
human erythrocytes of different blood types (A, B, O) through hemolysis assays, while
mutagenicity was investigated in oral mucosal epithelial cells using micronucleus analysis
and other genotoxic markers. Molecular docking was performed to predict the interactions
between geraniol and key fungal cell proteins, as well as its interaction with ergosterol.
Results: Geraniol exhibited MICs of 64 µg/mL for C. albicans and 32-64 µg/mL for C.
tropicalis, values comparable to the standard antifungals nystatin and miconazole. The
fungicidal activity of geraniol was confirmed by MFC values of 128 µg/mL for C. albicans
and 64-128 µg/mL for C. tropicalis. The MFC/MIC ratio of 1:1 or 2:1 confirms the fungicidal
action of geraniol. In sorbitol assays, the MIC of geraniol increased from 64 µg/mL to 256
µg/mL against C. albicans, indicating that it destabilizes the integrity of the fungal cell wall.
For C. tropicalis, there was no variation in MIC in the presence of sorbitol. In ergosterol
assays, the MIC of geraniol significantly increased in the presence of exogenous
ergosterol, ranging from 64 µg/mL to 256 µg/mL for both C. albicans and C. tropicalis,
indicating that geraniol directly interacts with ergosterol in the fungal plasma membrane.
The combination of geraniol and nystatin predominantly showed indifferent effects, except
for the clinical strain LM-4B, where an additive effect was observed (FICI = 0.625). The
combination of geraniol and miconazole demonstrated significant synergism in the LM-4B
strain (FICI = 0.25). Cytotoxicity assays revealed that at low concentrations, geraniol did
not cause significant hemolysis, while at higher concentrations (500-1000 µg/mL)
hemolysis exceeded 80%. Mutagenicity analysis showed that geraniol induced cellular
alterations only at high concentrations, and molecular docking confirmed geraniols
interactions with key fungal cell proteins, suggesting mechanisms of action that contribute
to its antifungal efficacy. Conclusion: Geraniol stands out as a promising therapeutic
alternative for the treatment of oral fungal infections, offering an effective and safe solution,
particularly in the management of denture stomatitis. However, the use of higher
concentrations should be approached with caution due to the risk of cytotoxicity and
mutagenicity. Further studies are necessary to define safe parameters and explore
broader clinical applications, advancing new frontiers in dental product and therapeutic
research.
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SARA BRITO DA SILVA
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Evaluation Of The Activity Of Polymer Nanofibers Dopated With
Zinc In Different Tumor Cells.
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Data: 29/08/2024
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Hora: 18:00
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Mostrar Resumo
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Cancer is considered to be a group of diseases resulting from
pathophysiological alterations in the processes of cell division and differentiation.
Among the different types, tumors affecting the breast, intestine and head and neck
are between the ten most common worldwide. As far as available treatments are
concerned, chemotherapy, radiotherapy or surgery are still the most common
approaches. Although they are proving to be effective, conventional therapies come
up against increasingly common obstacles. As a result, anticancer strategies based
on nanomedicine have been attracting interest in recent years. Here, polyvinyl
alcohol (PVA) nanofibers were produced with different concentrations of zinc and
cross-linked with glutaraldehyde or citric acid. The materials obtained were tested
for biocompatibility and activity on different tumor cell lines (BT-20, HCT-8, AT-84).
Biological tests of cytotoxicity, cell migration and clone formation were carried out in
triplicate and paclitaxel was the control drug of choice for the comparisons. The
nanofibers proved to be effective against the cell lines evaluated, disrupting cell morphology and reducing cell migration and clone formation. The group cross-linked
with glutaraldehyde exhibited high toxicity, even when it came to the specimens
composed only of Pva and the cross-linker, without any incorporation of zinc, which
would advise against its use in other future investigations. Fibers from the groups
without crosslinker and crosslinked with citric acid often showed inhibitory results
superior to those of the standard drug used. In general, the effects achieved were
dependent on the ionic concentrations incorporated into the materials. Finally, taking
into account the different implications that zinc can generate in the cellular
environment, the results obtained indicate a good potential for using the nanofibers
tested as adjuvant therapy in the treatment of the types of carcinomas studied.
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ANTONIO LOPES BESERRA NETO
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ORAL HEALTH LITERACY AND ITS RELATIONSHIO WITH THE
VALORATION OF DENTAL SERVICES
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Data: 31/07/2024
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Hora: 14:00
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Mostrar Resumo
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Oral health literacy (OHL) is the ability to receive, analyze and understand basic
information (such as guidance and day-to-day care) that is transmitted and thus can
generate a better understanding of oral health. The value that patients given to
dental procedures, adherence to treatment and recommendations regarding it, may
be linked to the patient's OHL level. In this sense, it is of great value to seek to
understand how the OHL level and dental preferences are associated with oral
health valuation. The objective of the study is to verify the relationship between oral
health valuation, socioeconomic factors, dental treatment preferences (type of
service: public or private, scheduled or first-come, first-served, waiting time and level
of training of the dental surgeon) and literacy in oral health. A quantitative and
analytical study was carried out, with a cross-sectional observational design. A total
representative sample of 481 people was necessary to carry out the study. The
dependent variable of the study was the assessment of oral health. Oral health
literacy was the main independent variable. Socioeconomic factors (gender, age,
income, education level, marital status) were considered independent variables to
adjust the model. Data was collected through digital questionnaires, using the
Google Forms platform. For the valuation of oral health, measured by willingness to
pay (WTP), the contingent valuation procedure was used, in which volunteers were
asked what amount they would pay to undergo different dental procedures
(endodontic treatment in single-rooted teeth, endodontic treatment in multi-rooted
teeth, complex extractions, implants, fixed prostheses, complete removable dentures
and removable partial dentures). For oral health literacy, the HeLD-14 questionnaire
was carried out, adapted and validated for the Brazilian population. In the regression
model adjusted by the secondary variables (gender, education, place of residence,
marital status and whether you are a dentistry professional) the HELD-14 Sum
variables (OR= 1.02, 95% CI: 1.02-1.021, p<0.001), D-Understanding (OR= 1.13,
95% CI: 1.126-1.134, p<0.001), D-Support (OR= 1.009, 95% CI: 1.007-1.01,
p<0.001), D-Economic Barriers (OR= 1.066 , 95% CI: 1.064-1.068, p<0.001), DAccess (OR= 1.049, 95% CI: 1.046-1.051, p<0.001) and D-Use (OR= 1.088, 95% CI:
1.085-1.092 , p<0.001) remained significantly associated with the Treat pain or root canal variables. Then, the same happened for the Rehabilitative Treatment variables,
remaining significant. Note the association between the valuation of oral health and
the level of oral health literacy and the socioeconomic factors investigated. Thus, the
research can be used as a basis for further studies on these variables, seeking to
understand more about the population's view of their oral health conditions, as well
as the level of knowledge about it.
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LIVIAN ISABEL DE MEDEIROS CARVALHO
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Development and evaluation of a mobile application or
monitoring cleft patients
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Data: 31/07/2024
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Hora: 14:00
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Mostrar Resumo
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A pandemia de COVID-19 desencadeou mudanças significativas na abordagem dos
processos de saúde e doença, levando à adoção de novas estratégias de atendimento, como
a Teleodontologia. Mesmo após o término da pandemia, a Teleodontologia permaneceu
como recurso útil para superar outros desafios no cuidado à saúde. Por meio do
telemonitoramento e da teleorientação, pacientes podem ser acompanhados remotamente,
utilizando Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TICs), o que tem contribuído para
melhorar a qualidade e a eficiência dos serviços de saúde. O uso crescente de smartphones
no Brasil torna os aplicativos móveis uma opção viável para esse tipo de atendimento.
Nesse contexto, surge a proposta de desenvolver um aplicativo móvel dedicado ao
telemonitoramento e orientação de pacientes pediátricos com fissura labial e/ou palatina
(FL±P) durante o tratamento ortopédico pré-cirúrgico com a modelagem nasoalveolar
(MNA). Este estudo visa também identificar, por meio de uma revisão de escopo, as
tecnologias disponíveis para o monitoramento de pacientes com FL±P . Para tanto, o
primeiro plano de trabalho consistiu no desenvolvimento e avaliação de um aplicativo
móvel com o intuito de viabilizar o monitoramento e orientação remota dos bebês com
FL±P e seus cuidadores, durante o tratamento com a MNA. O aplicativo foi desenvolvido
seguindo a metodologia de Design Centrado no Usuário (DCU) e avaliado com base em
parâmetros de usabilidade e satisfação do usuário. No total, 20 cuidadores participaram
deste estudo, juntamente com seus respectivos bebês. Entre os 20 cuidadores, a maioria era
do sexo feminino (n = 18; 90%), com idade média de 29,3 anos e com vínculo materno (n
= 18; 90%). Em relação à renda, 40% (n = 8) tinham uma renda familiar entre 1 e 2 salários
mínimos, enquanto 35% (n = 7) tinham completado o ensino superior e 30% (n = 6)
tinham concluído o ensino médio. A maioria dos participantes residia no estado de São
Paulo (n = 13; 65%), todos tinham acesso à internet, e utilizavam principalmente o sistema
operacional Android (n = 16; 80%). A distância média de seus municípios até os centros de
tratamento era de 55,72 quilômetros. Dos bebês registrados no aplicativo, 70% (n = 14)
eram do sexo masculino, com idade média de aproximadamente 23 dias no início do
tratamento com MNA, predominantemente apresentando fissura labiopalatina unilateral
(14; 70%). Em termos de usabilidade, o aplicativo desenvolvido alcançou uma pontuação
de 83.63 na Escala de Usabilidade de Sistemas (SUS), indicando um nível satisfatório. No
que diz respeito à satisfação, a maioria dos participantes relatou estar satisfeita com a
ferramenta. Quanto ao segundo plano de trabalho, este envolveu a elaboração de um
protocolo e de uma revisão de escopo, cujo objetivo é mapear os recursos e tecnologias
digitais disponíveis para o monitoramento de pacientes com FL±P por meio da análise de
estudos primários. Esse processo visou responder à seguinte pergunta: Quais recursos e
tecnologias digitais estão sendo aplicados no monitoramento de pacientes com FL±P e qual
o impacto dessa abordagem na qualidade de vida desses pacientes?. O protocolo final foi
registrado na Open Science Framework (DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/Y6AG8). A revisão de
escopo foi conduzida utilizando a estratégia PCC (População, Conceito e Contexto). Foi
realizada uma busca nas bases de dados Google Acadêmico, Cochrane, LILACS, Embase,
ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science em maio de 2024. A busca inicial resultou
em 5.444 citações, das quais 1.032 foram selecionadas após a remoção de duplicatas. Após
revisão, identificou-se que apenas 5 estudos atenderam aos critérios previamente
estabelecidos.
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EDUARDA GOMES ONOFRE DE ARAÚJO
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USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE APPLIED TO ORAL
DIAGNOSIS
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Data: 31/07/2024
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Hora: 10:00
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Mostrar Resumo
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The objective of this dissertation was to address and elucidate the use of
Artificial Intelligence in the diagnosis of oral lesions, and for this purpose, three work plans were developed. The first work plan consisted of preparing and
developing a bibliometric review with the aim of quantifying, analyzing, and
evaluating the scientific academic production on the use of Artificial Intelligence for
the diagnosis of oral lesions. The chosen databases for conducting the review
were: Medline via PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. For all
databases, a search strategy was defined based on Medical Subject Headings
terms, synonyms, and relevant free terms, combining them with Boolean operators.
The search results from the databases were exported for bibliometric analysis
using R and RStudio software with the Bibliometrix package. In total, 3,858 studies
were obtained from the databases. After removing 902 duplicate files, 2,956
publications remained for content evaluation. After applying eligibility criteria and
excluding studies that did not align with the topic of interest, 334 articles remained
for bibliometric analysis. In the second work plan, a study was conducted to
evaluate the performance of the virtual assistant AI Oral Diagnosis Helper (AODH),
developed using ChatGPT (versions 4 and 4o). Thirty clinical cases were
selected for evaluation by two stomatology specialists and the AODH. The
diagnoses and treatment suggestions were compared to a gold-standard specialist.
Agreement rates and accuracy were calculated using Fleiss' Kappa with a 95%
confidence interval, using RStudio. The third work plan aimed to share the
experience of using the Artificial Intelligence tool during a class of the mandatory
curriculum component Supervised Internship I, with students from the fifth period of
the undergraduate course in Dentistry at the Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB)
- Campus I. The course aims to insert students into a real and virtual practice field,
using clinical cases from the area of stomatology from the Screening Sector of the
Dentistry School Clinic and the mobile application TeleEstomato - Paraíba. During
the discussion of clinical cases, ChatGPT was integrated with Alexa to assist in
raising diagnostic hypotheses. The use of this tool in the classroom provided
greater integration and discussion among students, in addition to understanding
how a language model tool like ChatGPT can assist in education. With the
development of the work plans, it is possible to conclude that the integration of
artificial intelligence in the field of oral diagnosis can enrich learning and clinica practice, as long as it is used cautiously and consciously, serving as support for
students and professionals.
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RAYNE TAVEIRA ROCHA DO NASCIMENTO
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INFLUENCE OF ORAL SUPPLEMENTATION WITH Lactiplantibacillus
plantarum 6.2 ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL OSTEONECROSIS IN
RATS
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Data: 29/07/2024
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Hora: 13:00
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Mostrar Resumo
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With the intention of evaluating the influence of oral supplementation with Lactiplantibacillus
plantarum 6.2 (LP6.2) in a murine model of Drug-Related Jaw Osteonecrosis (OMRM), 20
male rats of the species Rattus Norvegicus, Wistar lineage, with 8 to 10 weeks old,
weighing approximately 250g. The animals were distributed into groups: BASAL (N=4)
representing negative control; LAC (N=4) representing a group supplemented with LP 6.2;
ONE, positive control (N=6) and ONE+LAC representing a group with osteonecrosis
induction and LP 6.2 supplementation (N=6). For 8 weeks, ONE was induced with 250µg/kg
of Zoledronic Acid intraperitoneally, with 0.9% saline solution injected in the BASAL and
LAC groups. The triggering factor for ONE was the extraction of the lower left first molar
performed in the fourth week in all animals. For supplementation with LP 6.2, an adjustment
was made to the concentration of bacteria and subsequent gavage in the LAC and
ONE+LAC groups, with the non-supplemented groups being equally subjected to the same
stress, being the saline solution. The animals were euthanized and their jaws were
dissected for macroscopic observation regarding the presence/absence of exposed bone
and epithelial repair. Microscopically, for quantitative evaluation of the photomicrographs,
histo-morphometric methods were used, displaying results in area/µm² or pixel/µm².
Histological analyzes on the mandible were quantified regarding the area of bone exposure,
tissue viability (area of enucleated osteocytes) and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition.
Immunohistochemical analyzes for jaw markings were quantified for NF-kB and TGF-ß. For
the intestine, histological analyzes were performed in Periodic Acid Shiff (PAS) in order to
quantify neutral mucins and immunohistochemistry for the zonule of occlusion. Macroscopy
and histomorphometry data were expressed using one way analysis of variance and
Tukey post-test, with a statistical significance level of 5% (p<0.05) to establish the
differences found between the groups. In the BASAL, LAC and ONE +LAC groups, partial
or total repair of the mucosa, a smaller area of bone exposure and preserved osteocytes
were observed. ECM deposition was more evident in groups supplemented with LP 6.2.
Immunostaining against NF-kB was more visible in the ONE group, with a statistical
difference between the others; TGF-ß was more present in the LAC group, with the ONE
group having less marking for this. In summary: Supplementation with LP 6.2 in the
treatment of ONMB is effective for bone and epithelial repair and was effective in reducing
inflammation mediated by the NF-kB pathway by increasing TGF-ß in mandibular
osteonecrosis lesions.
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BIANNE MARIA DE MELO COSTA
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Remineralizing and Protective Effects of Toothpastes with
REFIX® Technology on Carious Lesions: An in vitro Study
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Data: 26/07/2024
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Hora: 14:00
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Mostrar Resumo
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: REFIX® technology, incorporated into toothpastes, comprises fluoride,
silica, and phosphates, forming stable complexes that act on the remineralization
of carious dental tissues in acidic environments like saliva. Objective: To evaluate,
in vitro, the remineralizing and protective effects of toothpastes with REFIX®
technology, with or without fluorides, on bovine enamel with and without initial
caries lesions. Materials and Methods: Two independent pH cycling models were
conducted: one for protective effects (no initial caries lesion) and another for
remineralizing effects (with prior initial caries lesion). For each model, 60 blocks of
bovine incisor enamel (4x4x2mm) were used, distributed into five groups
(n=12/group): DRS1 - Regenerating Toothpaste + Sensitivo (1450 ppm NaF +
silicate - REFIX® Technology); DRS2 - (1100 ppm NaF + silicate - REFIX®
Technology); DRS3 - (silicate - REFIX® Technology without fluoride); CN -
Negative Control (Toothpaste without fluoride and REFIX® Technology); and CP -
Positive Control (Oral B Toothpaste - 1450 ppm NaF without REFIX® Technology).
For the protective model, the enamel surface was divided into two areas: (1) sound
and (2) test area. In the remineralizing model, the superficial enamel was divided
into three parts: (1) sound area, (2) demineralized area, and (3) test area.
Specimens underwent two cariogenic pH cycling models, remineralizing, over five
days (protective effect) and six days (remineralizing effect). Blocks were treated
with toothpaste slurries (1:3 ratio) using a standardized brushing machine for two
minutes before and after the cariogenic challenge. Finally, blocks were analyzed
using Quantitative Light-Induced Fluorescence (QLF) to evaluate ΔF
(protection/remineralization) and ΔFmax (lesion depth). Data showed normal
distribution and were analyzed using ANOVA followed by Tukey's test and Pearson
correlation, with p<0.05 considered significant. Results: Significant differences were observed among groups in both models for both variables. In the protective
effect, ΔF analysis showed that groups DRS1, DRS2, and CP (p>0.05) were most
effective in enamel protection post-cariogenic challenge, while DRS3 and CN
differed significantly from the former (p<0.05) and exhibited higher mineral losses.
For ΔFmax in the same model, effectiveness in protecting against deeper lesion
formation could be ranked as DRS1= DRS2> CP>DRS3=CN. In the remineralizing
model, analyzing ΔF, groups DRS2 and DRS3 showed the best efficacy in caries
remineralization, followed by DRS1 and CP. REFIX® Technology-treated groups
exhibited substantial reduction in lesion depth (ΔFmax), comparable to CP. CN
demonstrated mineral loss and increased lesion depth post-treatment. A significant
positive correlation was observed between ΔF and ΔFmax (p<0.05). Conclusion:
REFIX® technology combined with fluoride demonstrated efficacy in both caries
remineralization and protection against cariogenic acid challenges. In the
protective model, fluoride concentration had greater influence on forming more
resistant enamel, whereas in the remineralizing model, mineral gain was also
observed with REFIX® technology toothpastes without fluoride. These findings
highlight the potential of REFIX® technology as a viable alternative for dental
caries prevention and remineralization.
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LUCAS EMMANUELL DE MORAIS NEVES
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Influence of conventional techniques and osseodensification on
the primary stability of two types of implants in low-density bone: An ex vivo study
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Orientador : YURI WANDERLEY CAVALCANTI
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Data: 26/07/2024
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Hora: 13:00
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Mostrar Resumo
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Objective: To evaluate the influence of different milling techniques associated with
different implant macrogeometry on the primary stability of dental implants in lowdensity bone. Methodology: This is an ex vivo laboratory biomechanical assay. A
total of 108 External Hexagon (HE) implants were installed in 18 porcine tibia bones,
54 with a Soulfit® cylindrical body and 54 with a Wayfit® conical body (DSP
Biomedical). The 108 specimens were distributed into 6 groups, including the two
macrogeometric shapes of the implant associated with the 3 techniques of milling,
conventional, submilling and osseodensification to measure the insertion and
removal torque, resonance frequency (ISQ) and analysis of bone volume by total
area (BV/TV). Data were submitted to 2-way ANOVA analysis and multiple
comparisons were performed using the Bonferroni test. The level of significance was
5%. Results: The mean insertion torque for the groups ranged from 35.66Ncm2 to
62.77Ncm2, with the highest values obtained after the osseodensification technique
(p<0.05). On the other hand, the resonance frequency analysis varied in the totalsample on the ISQ scale from 32 to 86, with statistically higher values for samples
submitted to osseodensification or undermilling (p<0.05). There was no statistical
difference in the BV/VT analysis in the apical third (p>0.05), and the type of implant
did not directly interfere with the measurements evaluated in this study (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Osseodensification showed better primary stability when compared to
subtractive surgical techniques in low-density bone, regardless of the type of implant.
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THAYS MATIAS RIBEIRO
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Stability of fluorides in mouthwashes with natural products: in
vitro study
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Data: 25/07/2024
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Hora: 15:00
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Mostrar Resumo
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The cosmetics industry has a special interest in versatile mouthwashes
and toothpastes with multiple functionalities in the same product. The objective of
the research was to monitor the physicochemical stability and sequestration of
sodium fluoride (NaF) in solutions of natural extracts and commercial herbal
mouthwashes. This is an in vitro experimental laboratory study. The following
parameters were analyzed: pH, fluoride concentration, turbidity/phase formation,
and color change. Samples were prepared from a solution of 200 mg/L (ppm) of
NaF in 5 mouthwashes (Água Rabelo® Traditional, Pomegranate, Ginger, Citrus,
and Aloe Vera) to yield 10 mg/L of NaF. The 5 plant extracts (1.5g; Eucalyptus,
Pomegranate, Ginger, Mint, and Aroeira) were solubilized in deionized water and
diluents (tween 80 and DMSO) with NaF to reach 10 mg/L of NaF. Fluoride
analyses were performed by potentiometry and standard solutions from 0.5 to 10
ppm F and TISAB II. The samples were stored for 2 months at temperatures of 25°C (ambient), and accelerated aging (37°C and 45°C). The control group used
FluorPlax with 0.05% fluoride. Preliminary results indicate that commercial
mouthwashes show a gradual and constant loss of free fluoride, ranging from
14.18 to 0.96 ppm F in Aloe Vera at room temperature (week 6) and Citrus at 37°C
(week 8), respectively. For the plant extracts, fluoride values were 2.50 and 12.65
ppm F for Aroeira extract at room temperature (week 5) and Eucalyptus at 37°C
(week 2). The pH remained constant at different temperatures over time, with a
tendency towards acidity. The results indicate that incorporating fluorides into
herbal mouthwashes requires pharmaceutical or biotechnological procedures to
minimize the chemical interaction of fluoride with organic functional groups. It was
also possible to conclude that identifying and eliminating constituents that
sequester fluoride in mouthwashes is essential, as well as the planned
incorporation of fluoride to achieve ideal concentrations for dental remineralization.
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RAISSA TAYNNAR ALBUQUERQUE LOPES
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m Inglês: Academic-scientific profile of digital influencer dental surgeons in
Brazil
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Data: 23/07/2024
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Hora: 14:00
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Mostrar Resumo
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Brazil currently has 414,728 active dentists, with the majority
concentrated in large urban centers. With this number continually growing,
professionals seek to distinguish themselves by using social media as common
tools for dental marketing and promotion. These platforms significantly influence
patients' choices when selecting healthcare professionals. Keeping the Lattes
curriculum vitae updated is crucial to demonstrate professional transparency and
commitment, highlighting the clinical and scientific qualifications and excellence of
dentists. This study evaluated the academic and scientific profile of influential
dentists with the highest number of followers in Brazil, examining its relationship
with professional popularity. A sample of 100 profiles of the most followed Brazilian
dentists on Instagram® was analyzed using SocialTalk® to assess engagement
and influence. Data from the Federal Council of Dentistry (CFO) website and the
Lattes Platform were collected to verify academic and scientific qualifications.
Results revealed that the majority of professionals were concentrated in Southeast
Brazil, predominantly male. Statistical analysis showed that only a small proportion
of profiles had published scientific articles (19%) and academic degrees such as
master's (17%) and doctorate (3%). Most profiles did not regularly update their
Lattes curriculum vitae (64%), with only one professional performing an update in
2024. Comparative analysis between followers and academic scores revealed a
significant disconnect: professionals with higher popularity did not always
demonstrate better scientific performance. The ranking results underscored this discrepancy, indicating that social media visibility does not necessarily reflect
robust academic and scientific qualifications. In conclusion, despite many
professionals lacking relevant academic profiles, their ability to reach a large
audience is noteworthy. The lack of academic updating and inadequate
professional registrations suggest that social media popularity does not necessarily
reflect scientific performance. Future studies are recommended to explore
platforms beyond Instagram® and conduct longitudinal analyses to better
understand the evolution of digital influence on public perception of professional
competence.
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MARCOS ALEXANDRE CASIMIRO DE OLIVEIRA
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Intelligence quotient in fluorosis patients in rural areas of Paraíba
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Data: 07/06/2024
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Hora: 08:30
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Mostrar Resumo
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Mental loss caused by fluoride ingestion has been reported in the literature. However, the potential neurotoxicity associated with fluoride intake, which has led to controversy over community water fluoridation, remains uncertain. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate intelligence quotient (IQ) in individuals with fluorosis in rural areas of Paraíba. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 246 school children aged 6 to 11 years from rural areas of São João do Rio do Peixe, Poço Dantas and Poço de José de Moura-PB, who were regularly enrolled in public schools of both genders. Exclusion criteria included school children using orthodontic appliances, participants with incomplete questionnaires, individuals with Down syndrome, and individuals with dental malformation syndromes. First, the Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices (CPM) test was used to estimate intelligence quotient (IQ). Clinical examinations were then performed to determine the DMFT/dmft indices and the presence of dental fluorosis. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and absolute data and Poisson regression (p < 0.05). No statistically significant association was observed for the association between the presence of fluorosis and intelligence quotient (p=0.45, CI=0.7801.116). A significant association was found between monthly family income and lower intelligence indices (p=0.02, CI=1.164-1.982), and no association was found between gender (p=0.34, CI=0.916-1.288) and age ( p=0.63, CI=0.88-1.23). Therefore, no association between fluorosis and low intelligence quotient was observed under the current study conditions. Income was associated with lower intelligence levels, suggesting that low intelligence quotients are related to social factors and the environment in which individuals are embedded and are not related to fluoride intake.
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JULIANA RAMALHO GUIMARÃES
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GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC MARKERS IN ORAL MUCOSITIS IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH HEMATOLOGICAL NEOPLASMS
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Data: 04/06/2024
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Hora: 08:00
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Mostrar Resumo
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Oral mucositis (OM) is an effect of antineoplastic therapy, common in children and adolescents. It manifests as erythematous or ulcerated and painful lesions in the oral cavity, which may cause treatment interruption due to the risk of sepsis. The occurrence of OM is related to the therapy used, sex, age, immunological and nutritional conditions and genetics, being frequent and serious in children with hematological tumors, especially treated with methotrexate (MTX). DNA methylation is the most studied epigenetic mark and, together with genetic polymorphisms, has been related to several inflammatory and tumor diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of genetic and epigenetic markers with OM in pediatric patients with hematological malignancies. Firstly, a review of the literature was carried out on the genetic and epigenetic markers already addressed in the context of chemo-induced OM in pediatric patients with hematological malignancies. Next, an experimental study was carried out in which healthy patients and those with hematological malignancies aged between 5 and 19 years were recruited to collect oral mucosa samples by mouthwash (n=87). DNA was extracted and global DNA methylation analysis (ELISA technique) and specific methylation analysis in the miR-9-1 and miR-9-3 genes (MSP technique) were performed. Furthermore, seven polymorphisms in the MTHFR (rs1801131, rs1801133), DNMT1 (rs2228611), DNMT3A (rs7590760, rs1550117) and DNMT3B (rs6087990, rs2424913) genes were genotyped (PCR-RFLP technique) and an association analysis with global methylation was performed. For the literature review, 22 studies on polymorphisms and 4 studies on DNA methylation were selected. Polymorphisms in the MTHFR, ABCB1, ABCC2, ABCG2, SLCO1B, miR, CAT and VDR genes were associated as risk factors for OM and polymorphisms in the TYMS and miR genes were associated as protective factors. Regarding DNA methylation, a link with OM has not yet been established. However, studies have shown that global methylation is a marker of chemotherapy exposure and changes in the methylation profile in the DNMT1 and TNF-α genes are associated with oral mucosal recovery. In the experimental study, a reduction in global methylation levels was observed in cancer patients recovered from OM compared to healthy cancer patients with or without OM (p<0.05; Kruskal Wallis). The hypomethylated profile of miR-9-1 and hypermethylated miR-9-3 was more frequent in cancer children compared to healthy children (p<0.05; Chi-Square), with no association with OM. Oncological children with the GG genotype of the DNMT1 SNP rs2228611, who had OM, showed higher levels of global methylation compared to carriers of the AA/AG genotypes (p<0.05; Mann Whitney). From the literature review, it is concluded that genetic variants are associated with OM in different biological pathways, such as: folic acid metabolism, transport proteins, epigenetic machinery, oxidative stress and vitamin D metabolism. DNA, which remains poorly understood, is associated as a marker of chemotherapy exposure and mucosal recovery (inflammation and epigenetic machinery pathways). From the experimental study, it is concluded that global methylation is associated with mucosal recovery and the genetic variation of DNMT1 (rs2228611) can influence the level of global methylation in cancer patients who developed OM.
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ANNA KARINA BARROS DE MORAES RAMALHO
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Analysis of the offer of the dental prosthesis specialty in brazilian dental specialty centers
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Data: 24/05/2024
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Hora: 08:30
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Mostrar Resumo
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It was concluded that being Type 3, located outside universities, having a manager, practicing planning, evaluation, monitoring and paying attention to absenteeism and the results of previous cycles of the program were aspects that influenced the provision of EPD. A2 aimed to verify the association between structural and work process aspects in relation to the provision of EPD in CEOs, using the same sample and variables as A1. However, the statistical analysis used was a logistic regression with a 5% significance level and a 95% confidence interval. It was pointed out that Type 3 CEOs were 3.78 times more likely to offer EPD (OR = 3.78; 95%CI:1.90-7.49); those located outside universities, 8.40 times more than those located inside, OR = 8.40 (95%CI:1.94; 36.42). CEOs who do not plan and evaluate actions were 1.83 times less likely to offer the EPD, OR = 0.54 (95%CI: 0.35; 0.83), and those participating for the first time, in cycle 2 , in relation to participants since Cycle 1 and who use their results in the Work Process, they were 2.24 times less likely to offer EPD, OR = 0.44 (95%CI: 0.29; 0.67). It was concluded that they were positively associated with the EPD offering being Type III CEOs, located outside the academic environment and carrying out periodic planning and evaluation. Finally, a third study, A3 aimed to analyze the association between structural and work process aspects with the production of dental prostheses and workload, in CEO, characterizing them in relation to these aspects. In this section, in addition to secondary data from PMAQ/CEO cycle 2, PD production data from SIA/SUS were used. The study sample was = 401 CEO. The dependent variable was the ratio between the average number of PDs delivered and the workload of the DCs (0.29). The independent variables referred to work process, structure and Dental Prosthesis production. Descriptive analysis and logistic regression were used. CEO n1 and n0 presented structural and work process characteristics, addressed in the study, with similar relative values, with profile differences only in the number of sessions for PD delivery, in relation to that recommended by the MS. The number of sessions for PT delivery being below what is recommended by the MS and not offering PFU increases the chances of being among the CEOs who are above the average (n1), by 3.2 and 2 times, respectively, as well such as having CDs who work at EPD without having a master's or doctorate (in any area), 2.4 times. It was concluded that CEO n1 and n0 presented similar profiles in terms of structure and process, except in relation to the number of sessions to deliver the PT. Positively associated with the above-average ratio of prosthesis production and workload, the lower number of sessions for PT creation and the non-offer of PFU.
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BRENO ESTEVAM SILVA DE SOUZA
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MENTAL HEALTH OF GRADUATE STUDENTS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A SCOPE REVIEW
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Data: 20/05/2024
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Hora: 10:00
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Mostrar Resumo
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The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on public health, resulting in significant changes in various dimensions of society, influencing the way people perceive the world. The social implications of the pandemic involve changes in people's daily lives, implications for interpersonal relationships in families, schools and workplaces. The aim of this study is to identify and map the scientific evidence on the COVID-19 pandemic and its relationship with the mental health of stricto sensu postgraduate students (master's and doctoral) through a scoping review. This is a scoping review, developed in accordance with the guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute Manual and registered with the Open Science Framework (DOI: https://osf.io/jbem6). The acronym PCC (population, concept and context) was used to create the research question. Therefore, "population (P)" was defined as Stricto sensu postgraduate students - masters and doctorate, while "concept (C)" was determined as mental health, where we will address the psychopathologies that most affected this population. Finally, "context (C)" was defined to encompass studies that discuss mental health in postgraduate students during the COVID-19 pandemic period, so that, from this, we can obtain the answer to the following question: "What is the scientific evidence of the COVID- 19 pandemic related to the mental health of stricto sensu postgraduate students (master's and doctorate)?". Data was collected from PubMed via MEDLINE, Web of Science, SciVerse Scopus (Elsevier), Embase, PsycINFO, LILACS via BVS, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global and Google Scholar in July 2023. To organize the database generated in the review, we used the Rayyan software, in which duplicates were removed, followed by the phases of reading the title and abstract and the full text, guided by the inclusion criteria defined in the protocol, and filling in a form containing basic information about the eligible studies. The entire process was carried out with software blinding activated and in a paired manner, with the collection proceeding independently, in accordance with the recommendations of the JBI manual. The selection process and presentation of the results followed the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The database collection process resulted in 2,575 articles, of which 23 were selected for the review. The studies were mostly carried out in North America (United States 39.13%) and China (17.39%), (totaling 56.52% of the studies; mostly published in the years 2022 and 2023, the most frequent study designs were cross-sectional (91.3%). Most of the studies cover epidemiological profiles (most frequent mental disorders) and associated factors, the main difficulties faced by postgraduate students during the pandemic, self-care practices and the use of health services. The main results show an increase in the prevalence of mental disorders and associated factors during the COVID-19 pandemic; psychological distress increased throughout the three phases of the COVID-19 pandemic; there was an increase in varying degrees of anxiety and depression. The impossibility of continuing with academic work influenced the increase in anxiety and decrease in motivation. Life satisfaction and happiness were positively associated with optimism about the future during the COVID-19 pandemic, and negatively associated with depression and stress. It is concluded that the COVID-19 pandemic has not only intensified pre-existing mental health challenges for graduate students, but has also revealed the urgent need for adaptive and inclusive support strategies capable of meeting the diverse needs of this group during and beyond periods of global crisis.
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RAÍRES CHAVES DA SILVA RODRIGUES
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ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF NON-SURGICAL PERIODONTAL
TREATMENT TECHNIQUES AND THEIR IMPACT ON PUBLIC
HEALTH.
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Data: 18/04/2024
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Hora: 08:30
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Mostrar Resumo
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Periodontal diseases represent a public health challenge, as they affect a large
number of individuals around the world. The concepts of economic evaluation must
be part of the routine of systems, services, health management and clinics. The
general objective of this study was to economically analyze the techniques for
treating periodontal disease and the provision of specialized periodontal procedures
in Dental Specialty Centers (CEO) in Brazil. To answer the objective, this study
established three analysis plans (AP). AP 1 (article 1) investigated in the literature
the advantages of ultrasonic and manual instrumentation for periodontal treatment
in clinical dental practice. A scoping review was developed following the precepts of
the Joanna Briggs Institute, based on the acronym PCC, where the population was
periodontal disease, the concept of manual and ultrasonic instrumentation and the
context of periodontal disease treatment. The bibliographic research was carried out
in the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs, Embase,
Livivo, Open Grey, Google Scholar and Cochrane. 940 studies were identified by
searching bibliographic databases and checking the references of included articles.
After removing duplicates, 804 records remained and were read for titles and
abstracts. Of these, 783 were excluded because they did not fit the research
question. After reading 21 articles in full, 13 were selected for data extraction. Three
articles were added later. AP 2 (article 2) investigated the factors associated with
carrying out specialized procedures and achieving the goal in periodontics in DSCs
in Brazil. This was an analytical and cross-sectional study using secondary data.
The database from the second cycle of the External Assessment of the National
Program for Improving Access and Quality in CEO (PMAQ-CEO) was used, which
evaluated, in person, 1,042 CEOs in 2018. The data were analyzed using Poisson
multiple regression, estimating the prevalence ratio (PR) (p<0.05). One third of
CEOs (n=305) underwent all specialized procedures, with a higher prevalence
observed in those with more than one unit of bicarbonate jet prophylaxis (RP=2.12;
95% CI: 1.160-3.881; p=0.015) and when they had a higher percentage of specialist
professionals (PR=1.004; 95%CI: 1.002-1.006; p<0.001). The periodontics goal was
achieved by 617 (59.2%) CEOs, with a higher prevalence among those who had a
manager with additional training (RP=1.21; 95% CI: 1.100-1.335; p<0.001) and with
greater workload of work for the periodontist dentist (RP=1.15; 95% CI: 1.103-1.201;
xi
p<0.001). The last AP (article 3) verified the cost-effectiveness of ultrasonic and
manual instruments for the treatment of periodontal disease, from the perspective
of the public health system in Brazil. It was a complete economic analysis of the
cost-effectiveness type. Cost data collection was based on the micro-costing
technique, in which the direct costs incurred to perform a scaling and root planing
(SRP) session in the case of periodontitis were considered. Decision trees were
modeled to compare the techniques used in each session, the model consisted of
two clinical parameters used to diagnose periodontal disease, bleeding on probing
and probing depth. A Monte Carlo microsimulation estimated the cost-effectiveness
for 1,000 visits. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was used to indicate
the cost of each RAR session. TreeAge Pro software was used to perform the
analyses. As a result, it was observed that in relation to bleeding and probing, the
price of a RAR session varied between R$ 19.95 (traditional technique) and R$
23.07 (mechanical technique). Regarding the probing depth parameter, the price
per session varied from 20.10 for manual and 23.09 for ultrasound instrumentation.
Therefore, the two instrumentation techniques presented similar clinical and
economic results. The bicarbonate jet prophylaxis device and the number of
specialized professionals positively influence the performance of all specialized
procedures. In relation to goals, a positive influence is observed when the service
is managed by someone with additional training and when the periodontist's weekly
working hours are aligned with the reality of the service.
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RAÍRES CHAVES DA SILVA RODRIGUES
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Economic analysis of non-surgical periodontal treatment techniques and their impact on public health
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Data: 18/04/2024
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Hora: 08:30
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Mostrar Resumo
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Periodontal diseases represent a public health challenge, as they affect a large number of individuals around the world. The concepts of economic evaluation must be part of the routine of systems, services, health management and clinics. The general objective of this study was to economically analyze the techniques for treating periodontal disease and the provision of specialized periodontal procedures in Dental Specialty Centers (CEO) in Brazil. To answer the objective, this study established three analysis plans (AP). AP 1 (article 1) investigated in the literature the advantages of ultrasonic and manual instrumentation for periodontal treatment in clinical dental practice. A scoping review was developed following the precepts of the Joanna Briggs Institute, based on the acronym PCC, where the population was periodontal disease, the concept of manual and ultrasonic instrumentation and the context of periodontal disease treatment. The bibliographic research was carried out in the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs, Embase, Livivo, Open Grey, Google Scholar and Cochrane. 940 studies were identified by searching bibliographic databases and checking the references of included articles. After removing duplicates, 804 records remained and were read for titles and abstracts. Of these, 783 were excluded because they did not fit the research question. After reading 21 articles in full, 13 were selected for data extraction. Three articles were added later. AP 2 (article 2) investigated the factors associated with carrying out specialized procedures and achieving the goal in periodontics in DSCs in Brazil. This was an analytical and cross-sectional study using secondary data. The database from the second cycle of the External Assessment of the National Program for Improving Access and Quality in CEO (PMAQ-CEO) was used, which evaluated, in person, 1,042 CEOs in 2018. The data were analyzed using Poisson multiple regression, estimating the prevalence ratio (PR) (p<0.05). One third of CEOs (n=305) underwent all specialized procedures, with a higher prevalence observed in those with more than one unit of bicarbonate jet prophylaxis (RP=2.12; 95% CI: 1.1603.881; p=0.015) and when they had a higher percentage of specialist professionals (PR=1.004; 95%CI: 1.002-1.006; p<0.001). The periodontics goal was achieved by 617 (59.2%) CEOs, with a higher prevalence among those who had a manager with additional training (RP=1.21; 95% CI: 1.100-1.335; p<0.001) and with greater workload of work for the periodontist dentist (RP=1.15; 95% CI: 1.103-1.201; p<0.001). The last AP (article 3) verified the cost-effectiveness of ultrasonic and manual instruments for the treatment of periodontal disease, from the perspective of the public health system in Brazil. It was a complete economic analysis of the cost-effectiveness type. Cost data collection was based on the micro-costing technique, in which the direct costs incurred to perform a scaling and root planing (SRP) session in the case of periodontitis were considered. Decision trees were modeled to compare the techniques used in each session, the model consisted of two clinical parameters used to diagnose periodontal disease, bleeding on probing and probing depth. A Monte Carlo microsimulation estimated the cost-effectiveness for 1,000 visits. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was used to indicate the cost of each RAR session. TreeAge Pro software was used to perform the analyses. As a result, it was observed that in relation to bleeding and probing, the price of a RAR session varied between R$ 19.95 (traditional technique) and R$ 23.07 (mechanical technique). Regarding the probing depth parameter, the price per session varied from 20.10 for manual and 23.09 for ultrasound instrumentation. Therefore, the two instrumentation techniques, manual and mechanical, presented similar clinical and economic results. CEOs who have an ultrasound device positively influenced the performance of all specialized periodontal procedures. Choosing equipment that guarantees good effectiveness is extremely important for reducing public health spending.
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VANESSA FEITOSA ALVES
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Effect of the strict pre-treatment oral hygiene phase on periodontitis: a double-blind randomized clinical trial
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Data: 05/04/2024
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Hora: 08:30
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Introduction: Although the practice of oral hygiene (OH) is recognized as a crucial element of periodontitis treatment and an essential part of basic and maintenance periodontal therapy, there is a significant gap in understanding the specific effect of a phase of OH prior to periodontitis treatment. periodontal disease. Objective: To evaluate the effect of the oral hygiene phase prior to periodontal treatment in individuals. Materials and methods: This is a double-blind randomized clinical trial with 24 individuals randomized between the intervention groups (GI; n=12) and control group (GC; n=12). After individual and personalized HO guidance, GI underwent a rigorous HO phase for 45 days. GC did not receive any instructions or motivation about OH during this time. Visible plaque index (VPI), bleeding on probing (SS), probing depth (PPD) and and clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded at six sites on each tooth at baseline and after 45 days in both groups. Questionnaire on OH behaviors and self-perception of gum disease and halitosis was administered at t0 and t45. Data were analyzed using t-test, chi-square, repeated measures ANOVA and multilevel linear regression, considering p<0.05. Results: A significant reduction in %SS, mean CAL, number of sites with PS≥4 mm, PPD≥5 mm and PPD≥7mm was observed after 45 days in the GI despite IPV showing no statistical difference. An increase in interdental cleaning frequency was noted in GI and CG at t45 (p>0.05); improvement in the perception of gum disease from bad (91.7%) at baseline to good (33.3%) or excellent (41.7%) at the 45-day follow-up (p>0.05), in addition to improvement in the perception of halitosis in the GI. Multilevel linear regression revealed a significant impact of the HO phase on reducing inflammation, leading to a 20% reduction in SS; 14 sites of PPD≥4mm and 6.73 in sites of PPD≥6 mm (-6.73). The CG showed a tendency to reduce parameters of %SS, mean PPD and sites with PPD ≥6 mm (p>0.05), possibly associated with the Hawthorne effect. Conclusion: The strict oral hygiene phase prior to treatment in patients with periodontitis was able to modify OH behaviors by reducing inflammation reflected in improvements in the clinical parameters of SS, PPD and mean CAL.
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LARYSSA MYLENNA MADRUGA BARBOSA
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Effect of whitening toothpastes with different hydrogen peroxide
concentrations: penetration into the pulp chamber and color change
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Data: 05/03/2024
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Hora: 08:30
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The desire of smile aesthetics has encouraged individuals to look for
different methods of tooth bleaching. Low-cost over-the-counter products, such as
toothpaste with varying concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (HP), are often
introduced to the market with the promise of providing effective tooth whitening.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of using whitening toothpaste
containing different concentrations of HP, through simulated in vitro brushing, regarding the penetrating pf HP into the pulp chamber and color change.
Additionally, the physicochemical properties of initial HP concentration, pH, and
viscosity were assessed. Forty-nine premolars were randomized into seven groups
(n = 7): no treatment (control); whitening gel (White Class 6%, 6%BG) evaluated
with a single application of 90 minutes (6%BG AH 90min) and 14 applications of 90
minutes each (6%BG AH 14x90min); whitening toothpastes (Colgate Luminous
White Glow 3%, 3%TP; Crest 3D White Brilliance 4%, 4%TP; Colgate Optic White
Pro Series 5%, 5%TP); and the gel (6%BG TB 14x90s) brushed 14 times for 90
seconds each. The penetration of HP into the pulp chamber was measured by UVVIS spectrophotometer and converted into equivalent concentration (μg/mL). Color
change was assessed with a digital spectrophotometer (ΔEab, ΔE00, and ΔWID).
Initial concentration, pH, and viscosity were measured by titration with potassium
permanganate oxidizing agent, digital pH meter, and controlled shear rheometer,
respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA, Tukey's
test, and Dunnett's test (α = 0.05). The 6%BG (14x90min) and 4%TP groups
showed acidic pH and higher HP concentration in the pulp chamber compared to
the other groups (p < 0.05). On the other hand, the 3%TP and 5%TP groups
exhibited alkaline pH, higher viscosity among the toothpastes, and lower HP
concentrations in the pulp chamber (p < 0.05). The 6%BG AH (14x90min) group
exhibited the greatest color change (ΔEab, ΔE00, and ΔWID) (p < 0.05), similar to
the 5%TP group (ΔEab and ΔE00). The results of HP concentration and color
change of 6%BG varied according to the application. The application of an acidic
pH whitening toothpaste resulted in higher penetration of HP into the pulp
chamber. However, even when a high concentrated HP whitening toothpaste was
used, a lower whitening effect was observed when compared to a two-week athome bleaching.
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REBECA DANTAS ALVES FIGUEIREDO
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Interrelation periodontitis, arterial hypertension and diabetes: dental treatment and knowledge, practices and attitudes of Primary Health Care professionals
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Orientador : SABRINA GARCIA DE AQUINO
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Data: 29/02/2024
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Hora: 14:00
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Periodontitis, hypertension and diabetes are classified as chronic non- communicable diseases (NCDs), have a proven influence on each other and share common risk factors. However, knowledge about this interrelationship by health professionals is limited and comprehensive care for patients with these conditions is a challenge. Thus, the objectives of the present study were to analyze the access of patients with hypertension and diabetes to dental care in PHC in Brazil, as well as to evaluate the level of knowledge, practices and attitudes of PHC professionals in the city of João Pessoa regarding the interrelationship between diabetes and periodontal disease. A survey of data on dental care for patients with hypertension and/or diabetes in PHC was carried out, made available in the reports of the Sistema de Informação em Saúde para a Atenção Básica (SISAB) of all Brazilian municipalities that sent dental production regularly in 2018 and 2019. The dependent variables were the percentage of people diagnosed with hypertension/diabetes who received dental care in PHC. And the independent ones corresponded to the macro- region; Human Development Index (HDI); Gini index, population estimate of the municipality and estimate of population coverage of oral health in the Family Health Strategy. Descriptive analysis and calculation of central tendency and dispersion measures were carried out using the JAMOVI software. In parallel, questionnaires in printed format with questions covering sample characterization, knowledge, and practices/attitudes regarding the interrelationship of periodontitis and diabetes were applied to 284 PHC health professionals in the city of João Pessoa. Then, with a view to implementing the comprehensive care flowchart in the SUS, training was carried out on the multidisciplinary clinical management of patients with diabetes. Regarding dental care for patients with hypertension and diabetes, it was found that there was a statistically significant increase of 0.2% and 0.3%, respectively, in the percentage of individuals registered in PHC who received dental care (p<0.001), between 2018 and 2019. Furthermore, it was observed that municipalities with a higher HDIM and greater oral health coverage were more likely to have a higher percentage of dental care for patients with hypertension and diabetes. Regarding the knowledge of PHC professionals about the interrelationship between diabetes and periodontitis, it was observed that CDs had the highest average (7.46), compared to doctors (7.02) and nurses (4.01), with a difference statistically significant between the average of nurses compared to that of DSs and doctors. Regarding practices and attitudes, doctors had the lowest average compared to DSs and nurses, with a statistically significant difference. These results demonstrate that there is a low percentage of people with hypertension and/or diabetes who received dental care in PHC in 2018 and 2019. Furthermore, inadequate levels of knowledge, practices and attitudes regarding the interrelationship were observed. diabetes and periodontitis. Therefore, the importance of continuing health education in the public sector is highlighted to update and guide the actions of professionals. It is expected that the application of the knowledge acquired in training can provide a more complete approach to patients with the aforementioned comorbidities, with a consequent improvement in their quality of life and reduction in medical and dental costs, related to better glycemic and periodontal control.
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EUGÊNIA LÍVIA DE ANDRADE DANTAS
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Association between low birth weight and dental enamel
development defects: a systematic review and metanalysis
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Data: 29/02/2024
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Hora: 08:00
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Introduction: Developmental enamel defects (DED) are common
alterations in the deciduous and permanent dentition and have been associated
with factors related to the perinatal period, such as birth weight. Objective: To carry
out a systematic review with meta-analysis to assess whether children with low
birth weight are more likely to develop dental enamel defects. Methodology:
Eligibility criteria were outlined following the PECO framework, with the population
(P) being children and adolescents, the exposure (E) group with low birth weight,
the control (C) with normal birth weight evaluating enamel development defects as
the outcome (O). The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO
(CRD42017078004), following PRISMA recommendations. The bibliographic
search was carried out in the following databases: MEDLINE (via PubMed), ISI
Web of Science, LILACS, SCOPUS and The Cochrane Library until November
2023. After searching the databases, duplicates were removed from all retrieved
records using the online application Rayyan®. The selection of articles, data
collection and assessment of methodological quality were carried out
independently by two reviewers (ELAD and BRV). Methodological quality was
assessed according to the guideline described by Fowkes and Fulton and the risk
of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies of
Exposures (ROBINS-E) tool. Twenty-two meta-analyses (α = 0.05) were carried
out to assess the association between EDD/Incisor Molar Hypomineralization
(IMH) and birth weight, according to the type of dentition (deciduous or permanent), analyzed by subgroups according to the risk of bias (high or very
high). The certainty of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE tool. Results:
1,622 publications were found after an electronic search, of which 57 were
included for qualitative analysis, of which 49 articles were included in the
quantitative analysis. The meta-analysis detected an association between very low
birth weight (VLBW) and EDD in deciduous teeth (RR: 2.82; 95% CI: 2.27 - 3.51,
p<0.0001; power>99.9%) and (Cohen's H: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.38 - 0. 58, p<0.0001;
power>99.9%) and low birth weight (LBW) and EDD in deciduous teeth RR=1.56
(95% CI: 1.22 - 2.00, p=0.0004; power=94.1%) and Cohen's H= 0.20 (95% CI: 0.10
- 0.31, p=0.0002; power=96.2%). Neonates with low birth weight were
approximately 1.25 times more likely to have IMH. Low birth weight and very low
birth weight were associated with enamel hypoplasia in both effect sizes. A low and
very low quality of evidence was obtained through GRADE analysis. Conclusion:
The results of this meta-analysis showed an association between low birth weight
and DED (in deciduous teeth) and MIH.
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PÂMELA LOPES PEDRO DA SILVA
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Treatment of Temporomandibular Disorder and Orofacial Pain in
the Ambit of the Unified Health System
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Data: 23/02/2024
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Hora: 14:00
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Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD) is a group of painful conditions that
mainly affect the temporomandibular joints and/or chewing muscles, being
considered the most common cause of orofacial pain (OFP) of non-odontogenic
origin. Given the demand from patients with this dysfunction who seek care in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) and cannot access adequate treatment, this
research aimed to analyze the care network for individuals with TMD and DOF in
the SUS, from the perspective of managers; the knowledge of dental surgeons
(DSs) working in the primary health care network (PHC) about this dysfunction and
the budgetary impact of the proposal to offer occlusal devices (ODs) in secondary
care (SC). To this end, electronic questionnaires were applied to municipal oral
health managers throughout Brazil (n=96) to understand the clinical procedures
applied to patients with TMD and OFP at the PHC and SC levels. Electronic
questionnaires were also administered DSs who work in PHC (n=367) to assess
their knowledge about the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of this disorder, in
addition to the availability of services for patient referral. Furthermore, a partial
economic health assessment was carried out, through the analysis of clinical and
laboratory costs of manufacturing OD in Dental Specialty Centers from the
perspective of the SUS. The data obtained were tabulated and analyzed using
descriptive and inferential statistics using a significance level of 5% (p <0.05).
There were representatives from all geographic regions of Brazil, but the majority
were from the South region (managers - 37.5%; DSs - 45.9%). The majority of
managers reported that both in PHC (n=82; 85.5%) and in SC (n=68; 70.5%)
patients with TMD are not treated. Furthermore, the majority stated that there were
no specific protocols or training courses for professionals to care for these patients.
The majority of DSs reported that they do not treat patients with TMD (n=209;
56.3%), nor do they know of public services in their municipality for referral (n=268;
72,2%), and deemed it necessary to implement of specialized services for this type
of care in the SUS (n=363; 97.8%). In general, DSs demonstrated limited
knowledge about the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of TMD, overestimating the
importance of occlusion and more invasive management options. For all domains,
DTM and OFP specialists agreed with the literature on a greater number of
questions, with statistically significant differences between them and the other DSs.
There was no statistically significant difference between geographic regions and
training time. The final cost for making the occlusal device, including a return
session for adjustments, was: R$ 149,81. This amount was subtracted from the
percentage passed on by the Ministry of Health to the municipalities. Considering a
sensitivity analysis of 25%, there may be a variation for the best and worst case
scenarios, respectively R$ 104,93 and R$194,71. The incremental impact on the
budget of Brazilian municipalities for the provision of 4,240,551 ODs over 5 years
was R$635,276,945.31. It is concluded that, from the perspective of SUS oral
health managers, there are flaws in the care network for patients with TMD and
OFP, with a deficit in the provision of services in both primary and secondary care.
The AP DSs demonstrated limited knowledge about this dysfunction and difficulties
in referring patients. The cost of making an occlusal device was R$149.81, being of
great value to managers when making decisions regarding the allocation of
resources for health care. Despite the limitations of the study, it is expected to
contribute to the reorganization of oral health services, allowing access and
comprehensive treatment to these patients with the least economic impact.
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DANIEL FURTADO SILVA
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Antifungal evaluation of Lippia origanoides Kunth. essencial oil on
Candida spp. isolated from oncology patients.
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Data: 23/01/2024
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Hora: 09:00
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Introduction: Oral candidiasis is a manifestation frequently found after
radiotherapy treatment of patients with neoplasms in the head and neck region,
which can generate an increase in morbidity and mortality due to
immunocompromise and dissemination of the fungal infection. The cytotoxicity
presented by conventional antifungals and the increase in fungal resistance are also
a current concern. Aims: Identify the current epidemiological profile of patients
diagnosed with malignant neoplasms anatomically located in the head and neck
region, evaluate the antifungal activity and cytotoxicity of the essential oil of L.
origanoides Kunth. (OE) and eucalyptol (EUC), on Candida spp. Materials and
methods: This study evaluated the sociodemographic, clinical and therapeutic aspects of these oncology patients. Mycological collection was performed from the
oral cavity of patients who completed radiotherapy treatment. In vitro experiments
were conducted to evaluate the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum
Fungicide Concentration (MFC), mechanism of action, and association with standard
antifungals. The hemolytic potential in erythrocytes was also evaluated. The data
were analyzed using uni and bivariate descriptive and inferential statistics, using the
Chi-Square tests and calculating Cramer's V coefficient. To interpret the data, a
significance level of 5% (p < 0.05) and a confidence interval of 95% were considered.
Results: The findings demonstrated a higher prevalence of neoplasia in men, over
50 years old, pheoderm, with incomplete primary education. A change in the profile
of the fungal infection was identified, observing a predominance of Candida
tropicalis, in addition to the unprecedented identification of oral cavity infection by
Candida magnoliae. OE and EUC showed fungicidal potential over the isolated
strains, with resistance to nystatin and amphotericin B. The findings suggest action
on the fungal plasma membrane, in addition to the additive effect in the association
of OE with amphotericin B, and EUC with nystatin. Conclusion: The results of this
research demonstrate the relevance of monitoring fungal resistance and also the
development of new antimicrobials in promoting the health and survival of cancer
patients.
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